Nataša Pipenbaher (Author), Danijel Ivajnšič (Author), Daša Donša (Author), Jaša Veno Grujić (Author), Sonja Škornik (Author)

Abstract

Urbane zelene površine so izpostavljene vzajemnemu vplivu pojava mestnega toplotnega otoka (MTO) in višjim temperaturam zraka zaradi podnebnih sprememb, kar spreminja rastne parametre rastlin, po drugi strani pa lahko delujejo kot blažilec toplotnega stresa zaradi povečanega toka latentne toplote (posledica evapotranspiracije). Da bi ocenili jakost hladilnega učinka zelenih površin v urbanih sistemih (Maribor, Murska Sobota, Ljutomer) smo v devetih zelenih površinah (trije mestni gozdovi in šest mestnih parkov) popisali lesne vrste na 94 popisnih ploskvah. Zbrali smo podatke o številu/gostoti osebkov lesnih vrst, povprečni vrednosti morfološko funkcionalnih potez za vsebnost suhe snovi v listih (CWM_LDMC) in specifično listno površino (CWM_SLA). Izračunali smo intenzivnost hlajenja, obseg hlajenja in stopnjo hlajenja v in izven popisnih ploskev. Mestni gozdovi imajo večji hladilni učinek od mestnih parkov. Sicer pa pravilo večja zelena površina – večji hladilni učinek ne velja povsod. Analiza dejavnikov vpliva hladilnega učinka urbanih zelenih površin je razkrila značilen vpliv: (1) velikosti zelene površine, (2) števila/gostote lesnih vrst in vezanih povprečnih vrednosti morfološko funkcionalnih potez (predvsem CWM_SLA), (3) tipa zelene površine in pokritosti tal neposredne okolice. Dobro umeščene zelene površine lahko razčlenijo sicer homogeno temperaturno polje nad pozidanimi površinami mest, še zlasti ob nastopu vročinskih valov.

Keywords

podnebne spremembe;hladilni učinek;lesne vrste;urbani sistemi;lokalne podnebne cone;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 1.16 - Independent Scientific Component Part or a Chapter in a Monograph
Organization: UM FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Publisher: Univerzitetna založba Univerze v Mariboru
UDC: 551.584.4
COBISS: 120071171 Link will open in a new window
Parent publication: Primeri prostorskih analiz vplivov podnebnih sprememb
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: ǂThe ǂcooling effect of urban green spaces from the urban heat island perspective
Secondary abstract: Urban green areas are exposed to the urban heat island-climate change interaction, a combination which affects plant growth parameters, but which, can act as a heat stress buffer, owing to increased latent heat flux (evapotranspiration). To estimate the cooling intensity of green areas in urban systems (Maribor, Murska Sobota, and Ljutomer), we sampled wood species in 94 census plots in nine green areas (three urban forests and six urban parks). The number/density of wood species, the average value of morphologically functional traits for leaf dry matter content (CWM_LDMC) and specific leaf area (CWM_SLA) were collected. The cooling intensity, cooling extent and cooling lapse estimates within, and outside the census plots were calculated. Urban forests have a greater cooling effect than urban parks. However, the rule that larger green areas have a greater cooling effect does not always apply. The urban green space cooling effect analysis revealed a significant impact from: (1) green area size, (2) number/density of wood species and associated average value of morphological functional traits (CWM_SLA), (3) type of green area and ground cover of the surroundings. Well located green areas can break down otherwise homogeneous air temperature fields above built-up areas in cities, especially during heat waves.
Secondary keywords: urban heat islands;urban climate;cooling effects;wood species;urban systems;local climate zones;
Type (COBISS): Article
Pages: Str. 29-48
DOI: 10.18690/um.fnm.8.2022.2
ID: 23984444