Odstranjevanje težkih kovin iz industrijskih odpadnih vod

diplomsko delo

Sara Pacek (Author), Andreja Žgajnar Gotvajn (Mentor)

Abstract

Industrijske odpadne vode so glavni vir onesnaževanja okolja s težkimi kovinami, ki škodujejo človeškemu zdravju. Te kovine, med katere sodijo kadmij, cink, nikelj, baker, živo srebro in arzen, so nagnjene h kopičenju v organizmih in povzročajo številne negativne vplive na okolje. Tako se raziskujejo in razvijajo tehnologije za čim boljšo obdelavo industrijskih odpadnih vod, s katerimi bi odstranili vsa škodljiva in nevarna onesnaževala. Metode za odstranjevanje težkih kovin iz industrijskih odpadnih vod temeljijo na fizikalnih, kemijskih in bioloških postopkih ali njihovih kombinacijah, da dosežemo minimalni vpliv na okolje ter zadostimo zahtevane zakonodaje. Diplomsko delo je osredotočanje na dve metodi za odstranjevanje težkih kovin. Ionska izmenjava temelji na reverzibilni kemijski reakciji med neželenimi ioni in različnimi ionskimi izmenjevalci, medtem ko je membranska filtracija separacijska metoda, kjer s pomočjo različnimi membranami zadržimo suspendirane ione težkih kovin, skozi pore membran pa pot nadaljuje očiščena odpadna voda. Glede na velikost delcev, ki jih je potrebno odstraniti, se uporabljajo različne vrste membranske filtracije, kot so mikrofiltracija, ultrafiltracija, nanofiltracija in reverzna osmoza. Namen diplomske naloge je pregled literature o uporabi teh dveh metod odstranjevanja težkih kovin iz odpadnih vod in predstavitev razlik med njima.

Keywords

čiščenje odpadnih vod;ionska izmenjava;membranske filtracija;diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2024
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Publisher:	[S. Pacek]
UDC:	628.349:66.081(043.2)
COBISS:	211021827
Views:	127
Downloads:	60
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewaters
Secondary abstract:	Industrial wastewaters are the main source of pollution with heavy metals, which are toxic and can harm the human health. These metals, which include cadmium, zinc, nickel, copper, mercury and arsenic, are inclined to accumulate in organisms and can cause negative impacts to the environment. That is why different technologies are being researched and evolved for treating industrial wastewater to insure removal of all harmful and dangerous pollutants. Methods for treating industrial wastewaters containing heavy metals often involve a variety of technologies that are based on physical, chemical and biological processes or their combinations, aiming to minimize the environmental impact and comply with required regulations. The focus of the diploma thesis is on two methods for removal of heavy metals. Ion exchange is a reversible chemical reaction between unwanted ions and an ion exchanger, while a membrane filtration is a separation process, where with the use of different membranes, can filter out the unwanted suspended heavy metal ions and the water can go through the pores of the membrane. Depending on the particle size of heavy metal ions, they are different types of membrane filtration, which include microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. The aim of this thesis is to review the literature of the ion exchange and membrane filtration use and the main differences between them.
Secondary keywords:	heavy metals;industrial wastewaters;ion exchange;membrane filtration;Odpadne vode;Težke kovine;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	1000372
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, UNI Kemijsko inženirstvo
Pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (51 str.))
ID:	24910927