doktorska disertacija
Blaž Petek (Author), Romana Marinšek-Logar (Mentor)

Abstract

Ogromne količine s keratinom bogatih odpadkov, ki se dnevno proizvajajo v različnih industrijah, klavnicah in predelovalnih obratih, se morajo pravilno uničiti. Večina raziskav, povezanih z razgradnjo keratina, se osredotoča na keratin iz ptičjega perja in le nekaj raziskav na keratin iz ovčje volne. V tej doktorski raziskavi opisujemo izolacijo, identifikacijo in karakterizacijo novih keratinolitičnih bakterij in gliv, sposobnih razgradnje ovčje volne in njihovo uporabo pri pospeševanju procesa kompostiranja ter procesa anaerobne metanogene razgradnje. Opisujemo izolacijo 16 izolatov z visoko keratinolitično aktivnostjo, ki pripadajo petim znanim bakterijskim vrstam (Bacillus altitudinis, B. mycoides, B. subtilis, B. wiedmannii, Streptomyces coelicoflavus) in eni glivni vrsti (Aphanoascus reticulisporus). Pri večini izolatov zmožnost razgradnje ovčje volne še ni bila dokazana pri bakterijah B. mycoides in B. wiedmannii pa je to sploh prvi opis keratinolitične aktivnosti. Keratinaze novih izolatov so aktivne v širokem razponu temperatur (25–85 °C) in vrednosti pH (6,0–10,0), tako da vsi izolati kažejo velik potencial za nadaljnjo biotehnološko uporabo v industriji ter v različnih okoljskih in kmetijskih aplikacijah za zmanjšanje in recikliranje s keratinom bogatih odpadkov, kot je ovčja volna in odpadni volneni tekstil. Nove keratinolitične izolate smo uporabili kot starter kulturo pri kompostiranju odpadne ovčje volne in pospešili dolgotrajen proces razgradnje kompleksne strukture keratina v primerjavi s kontrolnim kompostnikom. Nismo pa uspeli povečati izplena pri proizvodnji bioplina iz aerobno mikrobno ali encimsko predobdelane ovčje volne v poskusu biometanskega potenciala.

Keywords

ovčja volna;keratin;keratinaze;keratinolitični mikroorganizmi;kompostiranje;bioplin;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [B. Petek]
UDC: 606:677.31:628.3/.4(043.3)
COBISS: 230845699 Link will open in a new window
Views: 79
Downloads: 23
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Application of keratinolytic microorganisms and their enzymes for degradation of waste sheep wool
Secondary abstract: The huge amounts of keratinous waste generated daily in various industries, slaughterhouses and processing plants must be properly destroyed. Most research related to keratin degradation focuses on keratin from bird feathers and only a few studies on keratin from sheep wool. In this PhD thesis, we describe the isolation, identification and characterization of novel keratinolytic bacteria and fungi capable of degrading sheep wool and their use to accelerate the composting process and anaerobic methanogenic degradation. We describe the isolation of 16 isolates with high keratinolytic activity belonging to five known bacterial species (Bacillus altitudinis, B. mycoides, B. subtilis, B. wiedmannii, Streptomyces coelicoflavus) and one fungal species (Aphanoascus reticulisporus). The ability to degrade sheep wool has not been described for most isolates, but for B. mycoides and B. wiedmannii this is the first description of keratinolytic activity in the literature. The keratinases of the new isolates are active over a wide range of temperatures (25–85 °C) and pH values (6.0–10.0), so all isolates have a high potential for further biotechnological use in industry and various environmental and agricultural applications for the reduction and recycling of keratin-rich waste such as sheep wool and used wool textiles. The new keratinolytic isolates were used as a starter culture in the composting of sheep wool waste and accelerated the long-term degradation of the complex keratin structure compared to the control compost pile. However, we were not able to increase the biogas production yield from aerobic microbially or enzymatically pre-treated sheep wool in the experiment with biomethane potential.
Secondary keywords: sheep wool;keratin;keratinases;keratinolytic microorganisms;composting;biogas;
Type (COBISS): Doctoral dissertation
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak.
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XVIII, 86 str., [6] str. pril.)
ID: 26131455