magistrsko delo
Nina Žumer (Author), Irena Hočevar-Boltežar (Mentor), Lilijana Kornhauser-Cerar (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Pozni nedonošenčki so otroci, ki se rodijo med 34. in 36. tednom gestacije. Zaradi manjše razvitosti imajo v primerjavi z donošenimi otroki ob rojstvu povečano tveganje za neonatalno umrljivost in različne obolevnosti (npr. dihalne težave, zlatenica, težave s hranjenjem), po odpustu iz porodnišnice pa so zaradi zdravstvenih težav pogosteje rehospitalizirani. Pozna nedonošenost prav tako povečuje tveganje za dolgoročne nevrorazvojne posledice (npr. govorno-jezikovne motnje, motnje veščine hranjenja in požiranja, cerebralna paraliza, kognitivni zaostanki, (nevro)vedenjske težave). V magistrskem delu smo želeli proučiti težave s hranjenjem in požiranjem pri poznih nedonošenčkih ter njihovo morebitno povezanost s kasnejšimi govorno-jezikovnimi motnjami. S tem namenom smo v sodelovanju s Porodnišnico Ljubljana izvedli raziskavo, v kateri so sodelovali starši 177 otrok (89 pozno nedonošenih in 88 donošenih otrok), ki so se rodili med 1. 7. 2021 in 30. 6. 2022. Izpolnili so vprašalnik, v katerem so podali splošne informacije o svojem otroku, njegovem zdravstvenem stanju, značilnostih poroda ter o otrokovem razvoju veščine hranjenja in požiranja oziroma govora in jezika. Z analizo pridobljenih podatkov smo ugotovili, da se težave s hranjenjem in požiranjem pri poznih nedonošenčkih pojavljajo statistično pomembno pogosteje kot pri donošenih otrocih. Pozni nedonošenčki se tudi redkeje dojijo in hitreje prenehajo z dojenjem. Statistično pomembno pogosteje se soočajo tudi z odstopanji na področju govorno-jezikovnega razvoja, vendar pa nismo odkrili obstoja statistično pomembne povezave med težavami s hranjenjem in požiranjem ter kasnejšimi govorno-jezikovnimi težavami. Izsledki naše raziskave prav tako izpostavljajo, da se matere ob odpustu iz porodnišnice pogosto ne počutijo zadostno informirane o hranjenju svojih novorojenčkov. Ugotovitve naše raziskave so ključne za razumevanje razvojnih posebnosti in izzivov, s katerimi se na področju hranjenja in požiranja ter govora in jezika soočajo pozni nedonošenčki in njihovi starši. Izsledki poudarjajo potrebo po njihovi kvalitetni preventivni in pravočasni kurativni celostni obravnavi s strani multidisciplinarnega tima. Hkrati so ugotovitve naše raziskave pomembne tudi za splošno populacijo, ker izpostavljajo potrebo po strokovnih izboljšavah na področju zagotavljanja pomoči vsem porodnicam pri hranjenju njihovih novorojenčkov.

Keywords

pozni nedonošenčki;motnje veščine hranjenja in požiranja;sesanje;govorno-jezikovne motnje;dejavniki tveganja;zagotavljanje pomoči;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [N. Žumer]
UDC: 613.953(043.2)
COBISS: 233286659 Link will open in a new window
Views: 94
Downloads: 12
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Feeding and swallowing disorders in late preterm infants
Secondary abstract: Late preterm infants are born between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation. Compared to full-term infants, they face an increased risk of neonatal mortality and various morbidities, such as respiratory problems, jaundice, and feeding difficulties. After discharge from the maternity ward, they are also more likely to be rehospitalized due to health complications. Furthermore, late preterms are at increased risk of long-term neurodevelopmental consequences, such as speech-language disorders, feeding and swallowing disorders, cerebral palsy, cognitive delays, and (neuro)behavioral problems. This master's thesis explores feeding and swallowing problems in late preterm infants and their potential connection to later speech-language disorders. We conducted a study with Ljubljana Maternity Hospital, with 177 parents participating – 89 of whom had late preterm infants and 88 full-term infants. The children were born in a period between 1. 7. 2021 and 30. 6. 2022. The parents completed a questionnaire providing general information on their child, as well as details regarding the child's health, birth history, and development of feeding, swallowing, and speech-language skills. Data analysis revealed that late preterm infants experience significantly more feeding and swallowing problems than full-term infants. They breastfeed less frequently and wean off breastfeeding more quickly. Additionally, they more often face challenges in the speech and language development. However, no statistically significant association was found between feeding and swallowing difficulties and later speech-language disorders. Our study also found that mothers often feel inadequately informed about feeding their infants upon discharge from the maternity ward. These findings are crucial for understanding the developmental challenges faced by late preterm infants and their families, while also emphasizing the need for their high-quality preventive and timely curative treatment by a multidisciplinary team. At the same time, the findings highlight the need for improvements in the professional support offered to all mothers in feeding their newborns.
Secondary keywords: late preterm infants;feeding and swallowing disorders;sucking;speech and language disorders;risk factors;feeding support;Neonatologija;Požiranje;Novorojenčki;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Logopedija in surdopedagogika
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (148 str.))
ID: 26216075