diplomsko delo
Zala Novak (Author), Manca Pajnič (Reviewer), Aljoša Lapanja (Mentor), Blaž Ferkulj (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Demenca je vse bolj razširjena nevrodegenerativna bolezen, ki močno vpliva na kakovost življenja posameznikov in predstavlja velik izziv za zdravstveno oskrbo. Diplomsko delo se osredotoča na vlogo zdravstvene nege pri ohranitvi kognitivnih funkcij pri osebah z demenco, pri čemer se izpostavlja pomen nefarmakoloških intervencij, ki so individualno prilagojene glede na stopnjo napredovanja bolezni. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil s pregledom literature ugotoviti, katere intervencije zdravstvene nege so najučinkovitejše za izboljšanje ali ohranjanje kognitivnih sposobnosti pri osebah z demenco. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s sistematičnim pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature iz obdobja med letoma 2014 in 2025. Pri iskanju slovenske in angleške literature smo si pomagali s spletnima portaloma digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani (DiKUL) in digitalne knjižnice Slovenije (dLib.si) ter s posameznimi bibliografskimi zbirkami PubMed, SpringerLink, EBSCO, MEDLINE, Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje (NIJZ). Uporabili smo tudi iskalnika Google in Google učenjak Rezultati: Rezultati so pokazali, da intervencije, kot so glasbena terapija, trening delovnega spomina, kognitivna stimulacija, digitalne intervencije ter reminiscentna terapija, učinkovite pri izboljšanju spomina, pozornosti, verbalnega izražanja in drugih kognitivnih funkcij. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da so pri blažjih oblikah demence učinkovite strategije, kot je adaptivni trening spomina, medtem ko so pri napredovanih oblikah bolj ustrezne intervencije, ki temeljijo na spodbujanju k realnosti, reminiscenci in socialni interakciji. Razprava in zaključek: Intervencije zdravstvene nege dokazano pripomorejo k upočasnitvi kognitivnega upada in izboljšanju kakovosti življenja oseb z demenco. Največji učinek imajo, kadar so redno izvajane, strokovno vodene in prilagojene posameznikovim potrebam. Medicinska sestra ima pri tem ključno vlogo, saj s presojo, načrtovanjem in vključevanjem svojcev bistveno vpliva na uspešnost obravnave. Za dolgoročno učinkovitost je pomembno vključevanje nefarmakoloških pristopov v standarde zdravstvene nege, razvoj dodatnih izobraževalnih programov ter širša dostopnost podpornih storitev. Glede na hitro staranje prebivalstva in ugotovitve bo v prihodnje treba razvijati inovativne pristope, ki vključujejo digitalne tehnologije, programe v skupnosti in interdisciplinarno sodelovanje, saj ti omogočajo trajnejšo podporo bolnikom ter razbremenitev svojcev.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;aktivnosti;medicinske sestre;izboljšanje;kognitivne sposobnosti;starostniki;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [Z. Novak]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 247142403 Link will open in a new window
Views: 66
Downloads: 9
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
Metadata: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Nursing interventions to maintain cognitive functions for people with dementia
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Dementia is an increasingly prevalent neurodegenerative disease that significantly affect individuals' quality of life and presents a major challenge for healthcare systems. This diploma work focuses on the role of nursing care in enhancing cognitive functions in people with dementia, highlighting the importance of non-pharmacological interventions according to the stage of disease progression. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work was to determine, through a literature review, which nursing interventions are most effective in improving or maintaining cognitive abilities in individuals with dementia. Methods: A descriptive research method was used, with a systematic review of professional and scientific literature from the period between 2014 and 2025. In the search for Slovenian and English literature, we used portals of the Digital Library of the University of Ljubljana (DiKUL) and the Digital Library of Slovenia (dLib.si), as well as bibliographic databases such as PubMed, SpringerLink, EBSCO, MEDLINE and the National Institute of public health (NIJZ). Google and Google Scholar were also utilized. Results: The results showed that interventions such as music therapy, working memory training, cognitive stimulation, digital interventions and reminiscence therapy are effective in improving memory, attention, verbal expression and other cognitive functions. It was found that in milder forms of dementia, strategies like adaptive memory training are effective, while in advanced stages, interventions focusing on reality orientation, reminiscence and social interaction are more appropriate. Discussion and conclusion: Nursing interventions help slow cognitive decline and improve the quality of life in people with dementia. They are most effective when applied regularly, professionally guided and tailored to the individual’s needs. Nurses play a key role through assessment, planning, and involving. Family members can significantly influence the success of care. For long-term effectiveness, it is importanta to integrate non-pharmacological approaches into nursing care standards, develop additional educational programs, and ensure broader accessibility of support services. Considering the rapid ageing of the population and current findings, it will be necessary in the future to develop innovative approaches that include digital technologies, community-based programs and interdisciplinary collaboration, as these provide more sustainable support for patients and relieve the burden of family caregivers.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;activities;nurses;improvement;cognitive abilities;elderly;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (28 str.))
ID: 27286629