diplomsko delo
Povzetek
Uvod: Avtonomija bolnika je ena najpomembnejših etičnih vrednot v zdravstveni dejavnosti. Pomeni pravico bolnika do samoodločanja glede zdravstvene oskrbe, brez vpliva zdravstvenih delavcev na njegovo odločitev. Pojav demence lahko zaradi kognitivnega upada in posledično slabšega razumevanja informacij hitro vodi v izgubo avtonomije, zato se je potrebno zavzemati za ohranjanje le te. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je preučiti in predstaviti pomen avtonomije pri osebah z demenco. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda, s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature iskane s pomočjo podatkovnih baz: CINAHL, MedLine (PubMed) in Google Scholar. Za iskanje literature smo uporabili časovni okvir od leta 2013 do 2023. Literaturo smo iskali v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku v obdobju od januarja do marca 2023. V končno analizo smo vključili 12 člankov. Rezultati: S pregledom literature smo ugotovili, da avtonomija pri osebah z demenco pozitivno vpliva na kakovost njihovega življenja. Osebe z demenco najraje živijo doma, vendar to predstavlja velik izziv in odgovornost družinskim oskrbovalcem. Velikokrat se pojavi dilema med ohranjanjem avtonomije in zagotavljanjem varnosti. Avtonomijo je potrebno zagotavljati tudi v primeru bivanja v institucionalnem varstvu. Večjo kakovost bivanja nudijo manjši negovalni objekti, saj zagotavljajo več zasebnosti, samostojnosti in udobja. Pomembno vlogo pri zagotavljanju avtonomije imajo tudi medicinske sestre, primerno fizično okolje ter ustrezna oskrba. Razprava in zaključek: Avtonomija je osnovna potreba vsakega človeka. Pri osebah z demenco je zaradi bolezni lahko hitro okrnjena, zato je pomembno, da si prizadevamo za ohranjanje le te. To lahko dosežemo na različne načine in sicer z izvajanjem oskrbe osredotočeno na osebo, spodbujanjem neformalne oskrbe (vključevanje svojcev), vnaprejšnjim načrtovanjem oskrbe, primernim fizičnim okoljem in zagotavljanjem varnosti. Pri tem ima pomembno vlogo medicinska sestra, ki si prizadeva aktivno delati na teh področjih. Zaradi pomankanja časa, prostora in osebja, ter posledično rutinskega dela, ki ni individualno prilagojen posamezniku pa prihaja do zmanjšanja avtonomije in kakovosti življenja pri teh bolnikih. Na podlagi tega se moramo zavedati, da je na tem področju potrebnih še veliko izboljšav in nadaljnjih raziskav.
Ključne besede
diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;avtonomija;demenca;samoodločanje;samostojnost;medicinske sestre;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2023 |
Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[P. Ule] |
UDK: |
616-083 |
COBISS: |
167011587
|
Št. ogledov: |
11 |
Št. prenosov: |
2 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Autonomy of persons with dementia |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Introduction: Patient autonomy is one of the most important ethical values in healthcare. It means the patient's right to self-determination regarding medical care, without the influence of medical professionals on his/her decision. The onset of dementia can quickly lead to a loss of autonomy due to cognitive decline and, as a result, poorer understanding of information. So it is necessary to preserve autonomy. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to examine and present the importance of autonomy with people with dementia. Methods: A descriptive method was used, with a review of scientific and professional literature searched with the help of databases: CINAHL, MedLine (PubMed) and Google Scholar. For the literature search, we used the time frame between 2013 and 2023. We searched for literature in Slovenian and English in the period from January to March 2023. We included 12 articles in the final analysis. Results: By reviewing literature, we found that autonomy with people with dementia has a positive effect on their quality of life. People with dementia prefer to live at home, although this presents a great challenge and responsibility for family caregivers. A dilemma often arises between maintaining autonomy and ensuring safety. Autonomy must be guaranteed even in the case of institutional care. Smaller care facilities offer a higher quality of stay, as they provide more privacy, independence and comfort. Nurses, a suitable physical environment and adequate care have an important role in ensuring autonomy. Discussion and conclusion: Autonomy is a basic need for every human being. In people with dementia this can quickly reduce due to the disease. That is way it is important to strive to preserve this. This can be achieved in different ways, namely by providing person-centered care, promoting informal care (involving relatives), planning care in advance, providing a suitable physical environment and ensuring safety. The nurse, who strives to work actively in these areas, plays an important role. Due to the lack of time, space and personnel, and as a result routine work that is not individually adapted to the individual, the autonomy and quality of life of these patients decreases. Based on this, we must be aware that many improvements and further research are still needed in this area. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
diploma theses;nursing care;autonomy;dementia;self-determination;independence;nurses; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): |
1970-01-01 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego |
Strani: |
29, [4] str. |
ID: |
20005316 |