Poljubnost in standardiziranost anketne konverzacije

Samo Uhan (Author)

Abstract

Interpretacija rezultatov javnomnenjskih raziskav je mogoča šele, ko poznamo kontekst "pomenjenja" oziroma okolja, ki motivira nastajanje stališčin kamor se vpisujejo izražena stališča. Med pristopi, ki poskušajo pojasniti vpliv konteksta na izražena stališča, se ponovno uveljavljajo hermenevtične razprave o učinkih in vplivih konteksta, ki poudarjajo predvsem potrebo po dekodiranju stališč respondentov, kar naj bi raziskovalcem omogočilo razumevanje izvornega pomena izraženega. Posledica kontekstualnih vplivov je velika variabilnost, ki jo raziskovalci poskušajo zmanjšati s standardizacijo anketnih pogojev, instrumenta in predvsem diskurza. Standardizirani postopki tako zmanjšujejo kompleksnost in difuznost in s tem večajo zanesljivost merjenj, nasprotno pa se zmanjšuje veljavnost, saj visoko standardiziran instrument zajame zgolj vzorce rutiniranega vedenja: standardizaciji so dostopni posamezni izseki in torej vse, kar ni kompatibilno s standardiziranim kodom komuniciranja, instrument prepozna kot šum. Rigoroznost standardizirane anketne situacije sili respondente k oblikovanju presežka dostopnih informacij. Respondenti pri odgovarjanju na anketna vprašanja informacije, ki jih "posredujejo" raziskovalci v obliki referenčnega okvira raziskave in značilnosti instrumenta, uporabijo kot kontekstualne informacije.

Keywords

anketiranje;kontekstualna analiza;standardi;komuniciranje;Anketiranje;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	1999
Typology:	1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:	UL FDV - Faculty of Social Sciences
Publisher:	Fakulteta za sociologijo, politične vede in novinarstvo v Ljubljani
UDC:	303
COBISS:	19419741
ISSN:	0040-3598
Parent publication:	Teorija in praksa
Views:	1076
Downloads:	213
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	Unknown
Secondary abstract:	A distinctive feature of public opinion research is that survey interview is considered to be specific kind of conversation or social activity involving people who are not acquainted which is therefore governed by general conversational rules. However participation in the survey interview is governed by particular methodological rules. In consenting to the interview, the respondent accepts a specific kind of social interaction - agreeing to take part in a research whose ultimat purposes are not known to him and what at the same time requires adherence to the resercher instructions. Strict observance of the instructions does not eliminate the methodological problems. Namely, for the respondent the semantic comprehension of the researcher's directions is insufficient. The respondent is forced to shape the excess meaning of information available to him. It is assumed that respondent uses the information, he manages to extract from the conversation with the interviewer. Accordingly, we have to abandon the belief that the instrument is a neutral stimulus which provokes a reaction that has only to be recorded objectively.
Secondary keywords:	conducting an opinion poll;context analysis;standard;communication;
URN:	URN:NBN:SI
Type (COBISS):	Not categorized
Pages:	str. 765-775
Volume:	ǂLet. ǂ36
Issue:	ǂšt. ǂ5
Chronology:	sept./okt. 1999
Keywords (UDC):	social sciences;družbene vede;methods of the social sciences;metode družbenih ved;
ID:	36384