Analiza filtrskega prahu iz podjetja Talum Livarna d.o.o.

magistrsko delo

Ana Kračun (Author), Ivan Anžel (Mentor), Lidija Fras Zemljič (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V magistrski nalogi je obravnavana problematika nevtralizacije in recikliranja filtrskega prahu po čiščenju dimnih plinov s klasifikacijsko številko odpadka 10 10 09*. Odpadek je alkalen, vsebuje težke kovine, nekovine in organska onesnaževala, zato ima lastnosti nevarnega odpadka. V okviru magistrske naloge je bila raziskana možnost nevtralizacije filtrskega prahu s CO2. Po obdelavi smo uspešno znižali vrednost pH v mejah vrednosti pH med 6 in 9, kar ne nakazuje na onesnaženost odpadka z močno kislino ali bazo. Prav tako smo znižali vsebnost nevarnih snovi, in sicer As, Cu, Ba, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sn, Mn in V, katerih izluževalne vrednosti so pod nivojem predpisanih mejnih vrednosti snovi, ki dovoljujejo odlaganje na odlagališčih za nenevarne odpadke. Samo izluževalne vrednosti Sb, Cd, Mo in Se prekoračujejo predpisane mejne vrednosti snovi, ki dovoljujejo odlaganje na odlagališčih za inertne odpadke. XRD analiza po nevtralizaciji filtrskega prahu s CO2 ni pokazala prisotnosti CaO. Nevtralizacija s CO2 tako predstavlja možno tehnološko rešitev za stabilizacijo odpadnega filtrskega prahu. V okviru magistrske naloge je bila raziskana tudi možnost recikliranja filtrskega prahu s kombinacijo ekstremne plastične deformacije (ECAP) in sintranja. Z izvedbo eksperimentov ekstremne plastične deformacije aluminijastih tulcev, napolnjenih s filtrskim prahom, smo želeli preveriti možnost dovolj velikega kompaktiranja prašnih delcev med ekstremno plastično deformacijo, da bi dobili kompozitni sistem z ustrezno kombinacijo trdnosti in trdote prašnega polnila v aluminijastem tulcu. S tem bi dobili kompozitni sistem z izboljšano sposobnostjo absorpcije energije. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se filtrski prah po volumnu tulca ni enakomerno kompaktiral in ni prišlo do zadostnega sintranja. Ker so se paralelepipedi deformirali neodvisno eden od drugega, so med njimi nastala večja nepovezana področja – dekohezija. Opaziti je mogoče heterogeno sestavo prahu in nepovezanost. Kombinacija ekstremne plastične deformacije in sintranja ni bila uspešna z vidika recikliranja odpadnega filtrskega prahu za potencialno pridobivanje novih materialov iz filtrskega prahu.

Keywords

nevarni odpadki;filtrski prah;recikliranje;nevtralizacija;stabilizacija;ekstremna plastična deformacija;sintranje;kemijske lastnosti;magistrske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2014
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Publisher:	[A. Kračun]
UDC:	628.4.04(043.2)
COBISS:	18336022
Views:	1499
Downloads:	163
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Analysis of filter particulates from the Company Talum Livarna d.o.o.
Secondary abstract:	This master’s thesis addresses the issue of neutralization and recycling of filter dust after cleaning of flue gas with classification number of waste 10 10 09*. The waste is alkaline and contains heavy metals, non-metals, organic pollutants, and therefore, it has the properties of hazardous waste. In the context of the master’s thesis, we explored the possibility of neutralization of filter dust with CO2. After the treatment we successfully lowered the pH value between the limits 6 and 9, which does not indicate pollution of waste with strong acid or base. We also lowered the content of hazardous substances, namely As, Cu, Ba, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sn, Mn and V, which percolation values are below the level of prescribed threshold limit values of substances, which allow disposal in non-hazardous waste landfills. Only the percolation values of Sb, Cd, Mo and Se exceed the prescribed threshold limit values ob substances, which allow disposal in inert waste landfills. XRD analysis after the neutralization of filter dust using CO2 showed no presence of CaO. The neutralization using CO2 therefore represents a potential technological solution for stabilization of waste filter dust. In the context of the master’s thesis, we explored the possibility of recycling filter dust using a combination of extreme plastic deformation (ECAP) and sintering. By performing experiments of extreme plastic deformation of aluminium cartridges filled with filter dust, we wanted to examine the possibility of large enough compacting of dust particles during extreme plastic deformation, to obtain a composite system with appropriate combination of firmness and hardness of dust filling in the aluminium cartridge. This would result in a composite system with an improved ability to absorb energy. It was established that the filter dust did not compact equally through the volume of cartridge and sintering did not occur. Since the parallelepipedes deformed independently from each other, larger unconnected areas arose between them – decohesion. Heterogeneous composition of dust and unconnectivity were observed. Combination of extreme plastic deformation and sintering was not successful from the perspective of recycling waste filter dust for a potential production of new materials from filter dust.
Secondary keywords:	hazardous waste;filter dust;recycling;neutralization;stabilization;extreme plastic deformation;sintering;chemical properties;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za strojništvo, Tehniško varstvo okolja
Pages:	XII, 68 f.
ID:	8730539