Raziskava karbonatnega ravnotežja vode s stabilnim izotopom ogljika ([zgoraj] 13 C)

doktorska disertacija

Mojca Poberžnik (Author), Aleksandra Lobnik (Mentor), Milenko Roš (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Naravne vode so zaradi svojega raznolikega porekla ter vpliva mnogih geokemijskih in bioloških procesov po svoji sestavi zelo kompleksne in različne. Organske in anorganske primesi vodo s svojo prisotnostjo plemenitijo, vendar hkrati nekatere od njih pod določenimi pogoji tvorijo spojine, ki povzročajo škodo na delih vodovodnega omrežja. Voda optimalne kakovosti za potrebe ljudi v vodovodnih inštalacijah ne sme povzročati korozije in ne odlagati mineralnih oblog. Za izpolnitev teh pogojev mora biti voda v termodinamičnem ravnovesju z mineralnima fazama kalcita in aragonita, primerne pH vrednosti in alkalitete. Vsebnost optimalne koli.ine ogljikovega dioksida, ki je naravna komponenta podzemne vode ob uporabi le-te v različne namene (pitna, tehnološka voda) nudi hkrati zaščito pred odlaganjem mineralnih oblog in preprečuje korozijo. Doktorska disertacija obravnava razvoj sodobne metode za optimizacijo kakovosti vode z uporabo ogljikovega dioksida, izdelavo hidro-kemijskega modela za simulacijo procesa pri višjih temperaturah in študij distribucije frakcij karbonatnega ravnotežja pri uvajanju specialnega izotopskega plina *CO2 (fÂ13C = -35,2 ). Na osnovi slednje so bili z uporabo izotopskih analiz (GC IRMS) določeni molski deleži prevladujoče frakcije karbonatnega ravnotežja (hidrogenkarbonatni ion) pri pogojih eksperimenta. Izračunane vrednosti so služile kot osnova za oceno učinkovitosti razvite metode uvajanja plina. Iz rezultatov eksperimentalnega dela ob uporabi označenega *CO2 plina lahko zaključimo, da dodan plin ob doseženem ravnotežju prispeva k nastanku skoraj polovice hidrogenkarbonatnih ionov. Učinek ultrazvočnega mešala v primeru stalne uporabe zmanjša učinkovitost metode za 14 %, vendar pospešuje raztapljanje plina v začetni fazi.

Keywords

karbonatno ravnotežje;pitna voda;13C izotop;ogljikov dioksid;pilotna naprava;uvajanje CO2;hidrokemijski model;PHREEQC;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2009
Source:	[Maribor
Typology:	2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization:	UM FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Publisher:	M. Poberžnik]
UDC:	628.349:543.272.62(043.3)
COBISS:	13626134
Views:	3806
Downloads:	323
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Carbon stable isotope (13C) investigation of a carbonate equilibria in water
Secondary abstract:	Various origin and different geochemical and biological processes influence the wide variety and complex composition of natural waters. Different organic and inorganic components give water better quality, but at the same time theirchemical reactionsć products can damage the water pipe systems. Water of optimal quality for human consumption should not be corrosive in waterworks neither form limestone deposits. Therefore, the water has to be kept in a thermodynamic balance with the mineral phases of calcite and aragonite, besidethe appropriate pH value and alkalinity in order to fulfil this condition. The optimal carbon dioxide content, which is the usual component ofhealthy drinking water, simultaneously prevents from precipitated mineral deposits and corrosion. The presented doctoral dissertation is focused to the development of advanced method for water quality optimization using carbon dioxide gas, the construction of hydrochemical model for process simulation inhigher temperature range and the study of carbonate species distribution by CO2 special isotopic gas (ä13C = -35,2 %) application. Based on the latter, ävalues of prevalent carbonate species (bicarbonate ion, . 3 HCO ) are determined along with GC IRMS (gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy for determining isotopic ratios) and corresponding mole fractionsare calculated. Obtained results served for evaluation of method efficiency. On the basis of experimental work, using the stable carbon isotopegas CO2 as marker, we can conclude that added gas is present in composition of almost half of all bicarbonate ions. The ultrasonic stirrer used during the entire experiment decreases the method efficiency by 14 %, butspeed up the CO2 dissolving process in early experiment stages.
Secondary keywords:	carbonate equilibria;drinking water;carbon dioxide;pilot plant;introducing CO2;hydrochemical model;PHREEQC;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Dissertation
Thesis comment:	Univ. Maribor, Fak. za strojništvo
Pages:	[XL], 94 f.
Keywords (UDC):	applied sciences;medicine;technology;uporabne znanosti;medicina;tehnika;engineering;technology in general;inženirstvo;tehnologija na splošno;public health engineering;water;sanitation;illuminating engineering;sanitarna tehnika;zdravstvena tehnika;voda;sanitarne naprave;svetlobna tehnika;sewage;treatment;disposal;utilization of sewage;odpadne vode;mathematics;natural sciences;naravoslovne vede;matematika;chemistry;crystallography;mineralogy;kemija;analytical chemistry;analizna kemija;chemical methods of analysis;
ID:	8761662