Dvojno državljanstvo v primerjalnem pravu

diplomsko delo

Špela Žnidaršič (Author), Matjaž Tratnik (Mentor)

Abstract

Pravno urejanje področja državljanstva je suverena pravica posamezne države in nobena mednarodna konvencija ne posega vanjo z definiranjem tega instituta. V ozir je potrebno vzeti, da se zakonodaje držav med seboj precej razlikujejo, kar lahko vodi do pojava dvojnega (ali večkratnega) državljanstva. To je pravni položaj posameznika, ki je hkrati državljan dveh (ali večih) držav. V preteklosti je v večini držav veljala politika izogiba dvojnemu državljanstvu, ki so tako predvidevale umik državljanstva tistih, ki so prostovoljno pridobili tuje državljanstvo, oziroma zahtevale odrek prejšnjemu državljanstvu prosilcev za naturalizacijo. Trend se je v zadnjih desetletjih spremenil, saj se je povečalo število držav, ki dvojno državljanstvo sprejemajo ali vsaj dopuščajo pod določenimi pogoji. Temu je v času svetovne globalizacije in dostopnejših prehodov med državami botroval veliki val migrantov in imigrantov. Zaradi potrebe njihove boljše integracije v države, kjer prebivajo, ter z mislijo po ohranjanju vezi z državami njihovega izvora, je prihajalo do vse večjih sprememb zakonodaje državljanstva ter pozitivnejšega odnosa do polipatridnosti. K povečanju števila dvojnih državljanov je prav tako prispevalo sprejemanje načela enakosti spolov v nacionalnih zakonodajah držav na Zahodu Evrope, saj je otrokom mešanih zakonov omogočalo pridobitev državljanstva tudi po materi, ne le očetu. Področje dvojnega državljanstva poleg nekaterih pozitivnih vidikov še vedno vzbuja mnogo dilem (predvsem glede politične participacije, vprašanja lojalnosti ter diplomatske zaščite), zaradi katerih so države nekoliko zadržane pri popolnem sprejetju dvojnega (ali večkratnega) državljanstva v nacionalno zakonodajo. Kljub temu rešitev najbrž ni v izključitvi instituta iz prava držav, pač pa se lahko sporna področja ureja s sporazumi med državami, ob pomoči obstoječih mednarodnih konvencij, ki urejajo določene aspekte dotične tematike, ter s precedenčnimi primeri sodne prakse.

Keywords

dvojno državljanstvo;večkratno državljanstvo;pridobitev državljanstva;izguba državljanstva;naturalizacija;apatridnost;pristna in učinkovita povezava;diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2015
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher:	[Š. Žnidaršič]
UDC:	342.718(043.2)
COBISS:	4925227
Views:	2020
Downloads:	308
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	DUAL NATIONALITY IN COMPARATIVE LAW
Secondary abstract:	Every country holds a sovereign right to legally regulate the area of citizenship and no international convention has the right to define this institution on the part of any country. As legislations vary considerably among countries this can lead to the occurence of double (or multiple) citizenship. The latter is a legal standing of an individual who is a citizen of two (or more) countries.In the past most countries operated under the policy of avoiding dual citizenship. Therefore they either acted on the withdrawal of original nationality of those who voluntarily acquired another nationality or demanded from applicants for naturalization to renounce their original nationality. In the past decades however, the number of countries accepting dual citizenship or at least allowing it under certain conditions has increased. This occured due to an increase of migrants during the time of world globalization as well as due to easier access between countries. Due to the need for stronger integration of migrants in countries of residence and due to the need for maintaining relations with their countries of origin, legislations regarding citizenship have changed considerably to a more positive stand toward multiple nationality. Another factor which added to higher numbers of dual citizens was the adoption of gender equality principle in national legislations of Western European countries. This especially aided children of mixed marriages in aditionally obtaining citizenships of their mothers and not merely those of their fathers. Presently, the area of dual citizenship still raises issues (especially regarding political participation, questions of loyalty and diplomatic protection) and as such, certain countries are hesitant to fully accept dual (or multiple) citizenship into their national legislations. Nonetheless, exclusion of this institute from countries' legislations is not the solution to these issues; these areas of contention can be regulated with agreements between countries with the use of existing international conventions which regulate certain aspects of the topic, as well as with precedent law cases.
Secondary keywords:	dual nationality;multiple nationality;acquisition and loss of citizenship;naturalization;statelessness;genuine and effective link;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Pages:	79 f.
ID:	8772585