Uporabnost organskih praškov pri izzivanju prstnih sledi

diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študija Varnost in policijsko delo

Katja Šmit (Author), Danijela Frangež (Mentor), Matej Trapečar (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Diplomsko delo je sestavljeno iz dveh delov. V prvem delu so predstavljene teoretične vsebine o daktiloskopiji, anatomiji človeške kože, prstnih sledeh in odtisih, papilarnih linijah in o metodah izzivanja le-teh, prav tako so v prvem delu predstavljeni tudi posamezni organski praški. V drugem delu je predstavljen eksperiment, katerega namen je ugotoviti, ali so organski praški – muškatni orešček, poper in kumina – uporabni kot reagenti za izzivanje prstnih sledi. Za primerjavo smo uporabili srebrni specialni prašek, preverjeno standardno metodo za izzivanje prstnih sledi na gladkih površinah. Za kontaktno površino smo izbrali steklene ploščice. Eksperiment smo izvedli v kontroliranih pogojih, in sicer v prostorih Nacionalnega forenzičnega laboratorija na oddelku za daktiloskopijo. Pri eksperimentu so sodelovali trije donorji, osebe, ki so darovale prstne odtise na stekleno površino. Prstne sledi so bile izzvane v treh časovnih intervalih: takoj po odtiskovanju, dve uri po odtiskovanju in en dan oziroma 24 ur po odtiskovanju prstnih odtisov na stekleno površino. Prstne sledi so bile izzvane s štirimi različnimi praški: s kumino, z muškatnim oreščkom, s poprom in srebrnim specialnim praškom. Vsi trije organski praški so bili pred začetkom eksperimenta s pomočjo kavnega mlinčka in možnarja zdrobljeni na manjše delce ter shranjeni v nepredušne posodice. Rezultati izzivanj so pokazali, da na uspešnost praškov vplivajo velikost delcev, donorji in tudi časovni intervali. Kot najbolj uspešen prašek, poleg pričakovanega srebrnega specialnega praška, se je izkazal prašek muškatnega oreščka, sledil mu je prašek popra, kumina pa se je izkazala kot najslabša, saj je bilo uporabnih le nekaj izzvanih sledi. Velik vpliv na uporabne rezultate so imeli tudi posamezni donorji, saj so bili rezultati med njimi precej različni. Glede na posamezne časovne intervale se je pokazalo, da je bilo največ uporabnih prstnih sledi izzvanih neposredno po nastanku in 24 ur kasneje, najslabše izzvane sledi pa smo dobili 2 uri po njihovem nastanku.

Keywords

kriminalistično preiskovanje;kriminalistična tehnika;forenzika;daktiloskopija;koža;prstne sledi;prstni odtisi;papilarne linije;organski praški;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2015
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	K. Šmit]
UDC:	343.983(043.2)
COBISS:	3027178
Views:	1295
Downloads:	126
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	USEFULNESS OF ORGANIC POWDERS IN FINGERPRINT RECOVERY
Secondary abstract:	The thesis consists of two parts. The first part presents theoretical contents of dactyloscopy, the anatomy of human skin, fingerprints, papillary lines and their detection techniques and in the first part are also presented individual organic powders. The second part presents an experiment in order to determine whether organic powders, nutmeg, pepper and cumin are useful as reagents for fingerprint detection. For comparison, we used a Silver Special Powder, which is a verified standard method for fingerprint detection on smooth surfaces. As a contact surface, glass tiles were selected. The experiment was done in controlled conditions, in the premises of the National Forensic Laboratory, the department of fingerprints. In the experiment participated three donors, who donated fingerprints on the glass surface. Fingerprints were detected in three intervals; immediately after they were created, two hours after they were created and one day or 24 hours after they were created on the glass surface. Fingerprints were detected with four different powders: cumin, nutmeg, pepper and a Silver Special Powder. Before the experiment, all three organic powders were crushed into small pieces, using the coffee grinder and mortar, and then stored in airtight containers. The results of fingerprint recovery showed that size of the particles, the donor and the time intervals have the major effect on their validity. As the most valid powder was proved to be Silver Special Powder, the next most valid powder was nutmeg, after that pepper powder and the last one was cumin, which had the least useful detected fingerprints. A big influence on usefulness of the results had also individual donors, whose results distinguished substantially. Depending on the specific time intervals, it was shown that the most useful fingerprints were detected immediately after they were created, as well as 24 hours later, while the worst results were obtained 2 hours after their creation.
Secondary keywords:	latent fingerprints;detection;organic powders;Silver Special Powder;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Pages:	51 str.
ID:	9059184