Seznanjenost žensk z dejavniki tveganja za nastanek osteoporoze

(diplomsko delo)

Janja Šket (Author), Vida Gönc (Mentor), Damir Franić (Co-mentor)

Abstract

IZHODIŠČA – Pri ženskah v postmenopavzalnem obdobju pride do hormonskih sprememb, s katerimi je posredno povezan tudi nastanek osteoporoze. Osteoporoza je predvsem bolezen žensk in starejših ljudi ter dobesedno pomeni porozne kosti. Bolezen je tiha, kar pomeni, da jo po navadi odkrijemo šele, ko pride do zloma kosti. Raziskave kažejo, da je bolezen možno preprečiti z določenimi dejavniki, prav tako na njen nastanek vplivajo dejavniki tveganja, kot so ženski spol, dedna predispozicija, določene razvade ter drugi. Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, v kolikšni meri so ženske seznanjene z dejavniki tveganja, ki pospešijo nastanek osteoporoze. RAZISKOVALNE METODE – V raziskavi je sodelovalo trideset naključno izbranih žensk, ki so prišle na merjenje kostne gostote v center DXA, ki deluje na primarnem nivoju. Razdelili smo jim anketni vprašalnik s šestnajstimi vprašanji. Anketa je bila prostovoljna in anonimna. Za raziskovalni del smo uporabili kvantitativno metodo dela. Rezultate, ki smo jih dobili, smo grafično prikazali v deležih, pomagali smo si z računalniškim programom Microsoft Excel. Pri teoretičnem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela. Podatke smo pridobili s pomočjo domače in tuje literature ter jih preučili in zapisali v računalniškem programu Microsoft Word. REZULTATI – Povprečna starost anketirank je bila 65,3 let. Velika večina anketirank osteoporozo pozna, največ informacij o bolezni so pridobile iz medijev. Med njimi prevladujejo ženske, pri katerih ni imel diagnosticirane osteoporoze noben družinski član, prav tako jih večina v zadnjih letih ni utrpela zloma. Med tistimi, ki so ga, so najpogosteje utrpele zlom zapestja, sledi mu zlom kolka. Največ, skoraj polovico anketiranih, je na preiskavo napotil osebni zdravnik. Ugotovili smo, da je največ žensk telesno aktivnih trikrat na teden in da jih večina ne uživa alkohola, mleka in mlečnih izdelkov ter ne kadi. V veliki meri ženske niso uživale kortikosteroidov in hormonskih zdravil, tiste, ki pa so jih, so jih uživale do deset let. Skoraj polovica anketiranih nima drugih težav z zdravjem, med tistimi, ki pa jih imajo, močno prevladuje težava s povišanim krvnim tlakom, kateremu sledijo težave s ščitnico in ledvicami. Le majhen odstotek žensk, ki smo jih anketirali, ne pozna nobenega dejavnika tveganja za nastanek bolezni, največ jih pozna kot vzrok za nastanek osteoporoze starost. Z zadostnim vnosom kalcija kot dejavnika za preprečevanje je seznanjena večina anketiranih. ZAKLJUČEK – Še vedno kljub dobri dostopnosti do informacij o osteoporozi ženske premalo poznajo dejavnike, ki pripomorejo k nastanku bolezni. Medtem ko so z nekaterimi dejavniki dobro seznanjene, drugih praktično ne poznajo, zato bi bilo primerno z njimi informirati predvsem ženske v obdobju menopavze in starejše ljudi. Za vse, ki pa že imajo diagnosticirano osteoporozo, je dobro, da se vključijo v osteološko društvo in tako pridobijo še več informacij o bolezni.

Keywords

osteoporoza;ženske;dejavniki tveganja;mineralna kostna gostota;DXA;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2016
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FZV - Faculty of Health Sciences
Publisher:	[J. Šket]
UDC:	616.71-007.234(043.2)
COBISS:	2269604
Views:	1099
Downloads:	174
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	AWARENESS OF WOMEN ABOUT RISK FACTORS CAUSING OSTEOPOROSIS
Secondary abstract:	INTRODUCTION – With women in post-menopausal period we witness hormonal changes, with which also the appearance of osteoporosis is directly connected. Osteoporosis is mostly a disease of women and elderly people. The purpose of the present paper was to establish up to what level the women are acquainted with the risk factors that accelerate the creation of osteoporosis. METHODS – In this research we included thirty randomly chosen women that came to measure the bone thickness at the DXA centre that is operating at the primary level. The survey questionnaire was used as a research instrument tool. With the theoretical part we used the descriptive method of work, while for the research part we used the quantitative method of work. The results we received are graphically presented according to their shares. RESULTS – The average age of the surveyed women was 65.3 years. A great majority of them are familiar with osteoporosis with most of information receiving from the media. Among them, most of the women are those that no member of their family was diagnosed with osteoporosis. Likewise, most of them in the last few years haven’t suffered from a bone fracture. The largest share of them, almost a half of them, was directed to the examination by their personal physician. We have established that most of women are physically active three times a week; they do not consume alcohol, milk or milk products and do not smoke. A half of the surveyed women have health issues. The most predominant issue is a high blood pressure, followed by difficulties in regard to the thyroid gland and kidneys. The surveyed women are most commonly stating as a risk factor the age and are consuming calcium as a measure to prevent osteoporosis. CONCLUSION – Despite the relatively good access to information on osteoporosis, women still do not know enough about the factors that are contributing to the creation of the disease. While they are well acquainted with some of the factors, the hardly know any other and it would therefore be suitable to inform especially the women in the period of menopause and older ones. For all those that are already diagnosed with osteoporosis it would be good for them to join the association for osteoporosis and thus acquire more information on the disease.
Secondary keywords:	osteoporosis;woman;risk factors;mineral bone thickness;DXA;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Pages:	V, 49 f., 5 f. pril.
ID:	9166607