Povzetek
In this study, the particular effects of A-site donor doping in a lead-free piezoceramic material K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN) doped with Sr2+, i.e., the crystal-structure change, the secondary-phase formation and the grain-size decrease, were investigated. The already-reported causes of these effects upon doping KNN were critically discussed and a mechanism of the effects’ formation was suggested and experimentally supported with advanced analytical methods. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses proved that the Sr occupies the perovskite A-sublattice, and locally modifies the KNN monoclinic structure to cubic. With the help of Sr K-edge EXAFS and wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, the Sr was found to be homogenously distributed in the KNN perovskite lattice with 0.5, 1 and 2% Sr and no Sr segregation on the nano level was found in any of the studied samples with transmission electron microscopy. Introducing Sr into the A-sublattice, as well as accounting for the charge-compensating A-site vacancies in the starting composition, causes increasing lattice disorder and microstrain, as determined from a Rietveld refinement of the synchrotron X-ray diffraction data. Above 2% Sr the system segregates the A-site vacancies in a secondary phase in order to release the chemical pressure, as revealed by Raman spectroscopy. All these effects result in an increasing number of low-angle grain boundaries that limit the grain growth and finally lead to a significant grain-size decrease.
Ključne besede
perovskite;potassium sodium niobate;donor doping;cation vacancies;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Leto izida: |
2017 |
Tipologija: |
1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek |
Organizacija: |
UNG - Univerza v Novi Gorici |
UDK: |
54 |
COBISS: |
4638715
|
ISSN: |
0955-2219 |
Št. ogledov: |
4135 |
Št. prenosov: |
310 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
URN: |
URN:SI:UNG |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Delo ni kategorizirano |
Strani: |
str. 2073-2082 |
Letnik: |
ǂVol. ǂ37 |
Zvezek: |
ǂiss. ǂ5 |
Čas izdaje: |
2017 |
DOI: |
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.12.053 |
ID: |
9250387 |