Iskanje idealnih individualnih pogojev za učenje pri pouku slovenščine

diplomsko delo

Goran Obradović (Avtor), Simona Pulko (Mentor)

Povzetek

Učenje nas spremlja vse življenje. Za uspešno učenje v času pridobivanja formalne izobrazbe je pomembno usvajanje delovnih navad že v predšolskem obdobju. Posameznik glede na to, kaj lahko črpa iz okolja, kasneje razvije sebi lastne učne navade. Da bi dosegli idealne individualne pogoje za učenje, se je najprej treba naučiti, kako se učiti. S poznavanjem učnih metod in tehnik je prvi korak že narejen, nadalje je posamezniku treba določiti primerne cilje, ki naj bi jih dosegel, kar se odraža v učnem uspehu. Cilji naj bi bili zastavljeni premišljeno, v sodelovanju učenca s starši in učitelji. Problem, ki ga opažamo, je ta, da se danes vse manj staršev vključuje v otrokovo izobraževanje oz. le-tega spremlja samo preko pridobljenih ocen, premalo časa pa namenijo spremljanju načinu doseganja uspeha. Učencu mora nekdo pomagati poiskati pogoje za učenje - primerne metode učenja, pravo motivacijo, primeren prostor in čas učenja ter dovolj veliko spodbudo iz okolja. Prav urejene družinske razmere olajšajo učenčevo delo, ker se lahko posveti le doseganju ciljev, ne pa tudi reševanju družinskih težav. Starši si morajo vzeti čas za otroka in za vso družino, hkrati morajo znati slabo voljo izraziti v okolju, ki je izvor za takšno razpoloženje - če ni kriv otrok, naj ne bo deležen nepotrebne kritike. Družina lahko veliko naredi tudi z zgledom. Učenec, ki bo že od nekdaj vajen obiskov v knjižnici in poseganja po literaturi, bo prej razvil potrebo po radovednosti in učenju: tako bo dosegal tudi boljše učne rezultate. Prav ti so postali osnovna motivacija za učenje, ki pa ga učenci dojemajo kot nujno zlo in ne kot način za odkrivanje nečesa novega. Iskanja pogojev za učenje smo se lotili s predstavitvijo temeljnih dognanj raziskovalcev s tega področja in z raziskavo tega v praksi. O učnih navadah smo spraševali učence in dijake, enega izmed razredov pa smo postavili še v drugačno okolje in pripravili posebno učno uro, ki jo je nato izvedla učiteljica, ki tudi sicer poučuje ta razred. S tem smo želeli preveriti, ali je tovrstni način pridobivanja znanja za učence privlačnejši in kako deluje na usvajanje znanja med poukom. Da smo dobili celoten vpogled v učenje, smo za sodelovanje prosili še učitelje in strokovne sodelavce šole, ki so nam preko svojih dolgoletnih izkušenj v šolstvu razširili pogled z druge strani katedra.

Ključne besede

diplomska dela;slovenščina;učenje;učne navade;učni uspeh;pogoji;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2012
Izvor:	Maribor
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FF - Filozofska fakulteta
Založnik:	[G. Obradović]
UDK:	811.163.6(043.2)
COBISS:	19496200
Št. ogledov:	1430
Št. prenosov:	127
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	In search of ideal individual learning conditions for Slovene classes
Sekundarni povzetek:	Learning accompanies us throughout life. In order to learn successfully while obtaining formal education, it is crucial to acquire working habits as early as pre-school period. Depending on what one can absorb from one's environment, one later develops one's own learning habits. If we wish to achieve ideal individual learning conditions, we first have to learn how to learn. Understanding learning methods and techniques is the first step, from then on suitable goals have to be set. These goals are then reflected in the educational performance. The aims have to be set deliberately; pupil should cooperate with his/her parents as well as teachers. The problem we have noticed is that fewer parents are becoming involved in their child's education or they only monitor it through the grades, while not enough time is spent observing the method required to attain success. Pupil needs assistance to discover learning conditions - appropriate learning methods, correct motivation, suitable place and time for learning and sufficient stimulation from the surroundings. It is precisely an orderly family situation that facilitates pupil's work as it enables him/her to focus only on reaching the objectives, and not on solving family problems. Parents need to set aside time for their child as well as the entire family, at the same time they have to express their negative feelings in an environment, which is the source of these feelings - if this mood does not stem from the child, the child should not suffer unnecessary criticism. Family can obtain a lot by setting an example. A pupil, who has always visited a library and read, will develop a need for curiosity and learning sooner: thus, the pupil will accomplish better learning results. Learning results became the basic motivation for learning, and now the pupils perceive learning as a necessary evil and not a way to come across something entirely new. We began searching for learning conditions by presenting the fundamental conclusions of researchers from this field and by researching these conclusions in practice. We interviewed pupils and students, moreover, one of the classes was set in a different environment and the teacher then carried out a special lesson which we prepared. By doing so, we wanted to verify whether this method, used to obtain knowledge, is more attractive to the pupils and how it influences the acquisition of knowledge during a class. In order to obtain a full insight into learning, we also asked teachers and technical assistants of the school for their cooperation. They were able to expand our view with their long-term experience from the other side of desk.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	learning;learning habits;learning conditions;supportive environment;educational performance;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Filozofska fak. Oddelek za slovanske jezike in književnosti
Strani:	110 f.
Ključne besede (UDK):	language;linguistics;literature;jezikoslovje;filologija;književnost;linguistics and languages;jezikoslovje in jeziki;languages;jeziki;slavic / slavonic languages;slovanski jeziki;south slavic / slavonic languages;južnoslovanski jeziki;slovenian / slovene language;slovenščina;
ID:	1002187