diplomska naloga
Povzetek
Namen diplomske naloge je spremljanje površinske kontaminacije s fluoridi v okolici industrijskih obratov, kjer lahko prihaja do emisije fluoridov. Določali smo koncentracijo fluoridov v vegetaciji listavcev. Absorbirane fluoride v vegetaciji smo določevali s predhodnim sežigom v kisikovi tlačni posodi v kateri je absorpcijska raztopina (sežig po Schonigerju) in jih nato neposredno določamo s potenciometrično metodo s fluoridno ionoselektivno elektrodo. Na podlagi opisane metode smo naredili raziskavo emisij plinskih fluoridov pri proizvodnji aluminija in njihov vpliv na vegetacijo v desetletnem obdobju od 1998 do 2008. Glede na posamezne vplive onesnaževalcev na vegetacijo smo prikazali normative o onesnaženosti zraka (imisija), ki veljajo na Norveškem. Vrednosti posameznih onesnaževalcev v zraku so takšne, da predstavljajo mejne vrednosti pri rasti gozdov in vegetacije.
Raziskave v tovarni aluminija Talum d.d. Kidričevo so zajele površino okrog 80 km2. V spremljanje so bile vključene tudi oddaljene lokacije, in sicer Maribor (mestni park), Spuhlja in Starše. Določevanje vsebnosti fluoridov smo merili na analizatorju ORION Model EA 940.
Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov smo ugotovili, da se imisijska koncentracija fluoridov z razdaljo močno znižuje. Najvišje povprečne vrednosti so znotraj tovarne aluminija Talum d.d. Kidričevo. Glede na rezultate analiz ocenjujemo, da bi imisijske koncentracije fluoridov zunaj ograje podjetja v vegetacijskem obdobju 100 dni znašale med 0,1 µg/m3 in 0,2 µg/m3. Za te vrednosti fluoridov pa lahko po lestvici vplivov ugotovimo, da ne vplivajo na vegetacijo.
Ključne besede
fluoridni ioni;potenciometrija;ionoselektivna elektroda;elektrolizna celica;vegetacija;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2011 |
Izvor: |
Maribor |
Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UM FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo |
Založnik: |
[M. Škerlak] |
UDK: |
543.421:546.41(043.2) |
COBISS: |
15160342
|
Št. ogledov: |
2625 |
Št. prenosov: |
340 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Determination of fluoride in vegetation by ion-selective electrode |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
In the diploma thesis the concentration of fluoride in vegetation was determined. Monitoring of surface contamination of the surroundings in the branches of industry that emit fluorides was performed. Absorbed fluoride in vegetation was determined using the pre-combustion in an oxygen pressure vessel, where absorption solution is placed (ashing by Schoniger). Fluoride was determined potentiometricaly, using fluoride ion-selective electrode.
Based on the method described above, research of gas emissions during production of aluminum was performed and their impact on vegetation in the ten year period from 1998 to 2008 was evaluated. Depending on the individual impact of pollutants on vegetation, the standards on air pollution (immission) valid in Norway were presented. The values of individual pollutants in the air are such that they represent limit values for the growth of forests and vegetation in general.
Research in the aluminum factory Talum d.d. Kidričevo covered an area of about 80 km2. Monitoring has also included distant location, such as Maribor (city park), Spuhlja and Starše. Determination of fluoride was measured in the ORION Model EA 940 microprocessor.
According to the results obtained, it was estimated that the immission concentration of fluoride dramatically reduces with distance. The highest average values are inside the fence of aluminum factory Talum d.d. Kidričevo. According to the results of the analyses the emission concentration of fluoride outside the fence company in the vegetation period of 100 days was approximately 0.1 to 0.2 mg/m3. For these values of fluoride on the scale of impacts it was confirmed that there is no influence in vegetation. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
fluroide ions;potentiometry;ion-selective electrode;electrolytic cell;vegetation; |
URN: |
URN:SI:UM: |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo |
Strani: |
XII, 44 f. |
Ključne besede (UDK): |
mathematics;natural sciences;naravoslovne vede;matematika;chemistry;crystallography;mineralogy;kemija;analytical chemistry;analizna kemija;spectral analysis methods;optical analysis methods;mathematics;natural sciences;naravoslovne vede;matematika;chemistry;crystallography;mineralogy;kemija;inorganic chemistry;anorganska kemija; |
ID: |
1014741 |