Ugotavljanje zavajanja z znanstveno analizo vsebine

magistrsko delo

Marija Umolac (Avtor), Igor Areh (Mentor)

Povzetek

Ugotavljanje verodostojnih dejstev in dokazov je bistveno v preiskovalnih in sodnih postopkih. Tehnike za ugotavljanje laganja delimo na neverbalne in verbalne. V praksi se še vedno pogosteje uporabljajo poligraf in neverbalne tehnike, medtem ko je uporaba verbalnih tehnik bistveno manjša, čeprav so raziskave ugotovile, da se njihova točnost giblje okoli 70 %. Najbolj znane tehnike za ugotavljanje besednega laganja so kriterijska vsebinska analiza, nadzorovanje resničnosti in nekoliko novejša tehnika – znanstvena analiza vsebine. Znanstvena analiza vsebine je tehnika za ugotavljanje besednega zavajanja na podlagi pisne izjave. Raziskave kažejo, da je neučinkovita in nestandardizirana, ker pa zavajajoče ponuja hitro rešitev sicer kompleksnega problema ugotavljanja laganja, jo nekatere varnostne agencije uporabljajo. Ne zavedajo pa se, da se z uporabo tehnike SCAN lahko izpostavljajo še večjim varnostnim tveganjem in neučinkovitosti lastnega dela. Učinkovitost tehnike še nikoli ni bila testirana v Sloveniji, zato je magistrsko delo namenjeno preverjanju tehnike v slovenskem kulturnem in jezikovnem okolju. V raziskavi so sodelovali študenti Fakultete za varnostne vede. 64 udeležencev je bilo naprošenih, da napišejo dve izjavi o negativnih dogodkih, eno resnično in eno izmišljeno. Presojevalke izjav so bile štiri študentke. Opravile so deseturno usposabljanje iz tehnike SCAN, ki je potekalo v več delih. Seznanjene so bile z namenom raziskave, niso pa vedele, katere izjave so resnične in katere ne. Zaradi morebitnega učinka zaporedja je zaporedje ocenjevanja izjav specifično za vsako presojevalko. Izjave so ocenjevale v skladu s kriteriji tehnike SCAN. Raziskava je bila anonimna in vsi udeleženci so sodelovali prostovoljno. Iz dobljenih rezultatov je razvidno, da s tehniko znanstvene analize vsebine ni mogoče ugotavljati zavajanja. Razlike med resničnimi in lažnimi izjavami so majhne in statistično nepomembne, kar potrjuje neučinkovitost tehnike.

Ključne besede

preiskovanje;zasliševanje;verodostojnost;laganje;laži;zavajanje;verbalni znaki;neverbalni znaki;analize;magistrska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2017
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	[M. Umolac]
UDK:	159.9:340.6(043.2)
COBISS:	3510506
Št. ogledov:	1069
Št. prenosov:	141
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Deception detection by scientific content analysis
Sekundarni povzetek:	Determining credible facts and evidence is essential in investigation and court proceedings. The techniques for determining someone is lying can be dived into two categories, non-verbal and verbal. In practice, a polygraph and non-verbal techniques are still being used more, while the use of verbal techniques is significantly smaller, even though research has shown that their accuracy is around 70 percent. The most known techniques for determining verbal signs of lying are criteria-based content analysis, reality monitoring and a somewhat newer technique called scientific content analysis. Scientific content analysis (SCAN) is a technique for determining verbal deception based on a written statement. According to research, it is ineffective and unstandardized but since it misleadingly offers a fast solution to an otherwise complex problem of lie detection, some security agencies use it, completely unaware that the use of the SCAN technique can expose them to even greater security risks and the inefficiency of their own work. The effectiveness of this technique has never been tested in Slovenia and therefore this masters dissertation is dedicated to the verification of this technique in the Slovenian cultural and language environment. The students of the Faculty for criminal justice and security participated in this study. Sixty-four participants were asked to write two statements about negative events, one real and one made-up. The judges of these statements were four students that have finished a ten-hour training in the SCAN technique, which was carried out in several different parts. They were informed about the purpose of this study but did not know which statements were true and which were false. The sequence of statements to be evaluated is specific to each judge, due to the potential sequence effects. The statements were assessed in accordance with the criteria of the SCAN technique. The survey was anonymous, and all participants participated on a voluntary basis. From the results obtained it is evident that with the SCAN it is impossible to detect deception. The differences between real and false statements are small and statistically insignificant, which confirms the inefficiency of this technique.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	lie detection;verbal cues;criteria-based content analysis;reality monitoring;scientific content analysis;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	VI, 50 str.
ID:	10898596