Vpliv obžiranja monofagnega listnega zavrtača na transpiracijo in potencialno alelopatsko sposobnost gostiteljske rastline

magistrsko delo

Anja Vajnhandl (Avtor), Nina Šajna (Mentor)

Povzetek

Rod Allium je ekološko pomemben rod, saj v veliki meri njegovi predstavniki predstavljajo gostiteljske rastline številnim herbivorom. V magistrskem delu smo preučevali vpliv monofagnega listnega zavrtača na fiziologijo in kompeticijsko sposobnost gostiteljske rastline. Za primer smo si izbrali interakcijo med vrsto zavrtača Cheilosia fasciata (Diptera: Syrphidae) in njegovo gostiteljsko rastlino Allium ursinum. Preučevali smo razlike v transpiraciji z meritvami prevodnost listnih reţ med tremi tipi listov (zdravimi, okuţenimi listi in listi s simulacijo okuţbe), pri tem pa smo spremljali tudi abiotske dejavnike. Za kompeticijski potencial smo s pomočjo Lepidium testa in testa hlapljivih substanc na rastišču testirali ali prihaja do razlik v alelopatskem učinkovanju. Zanimalo nas je tudi ali bodo listi s simulacijo okuţenosti lista kazali kakšno podobnost z ostalima tipoma listov. Prevodnost listnih reţ je pri vseh tipih listov padala skozi čas. Listi s simulacijo okuţbe so ohranili najboljšo stomatalno prevodnost po obdobju cvetenja čemaţa, vendar so razlike med tipi listi bile majhne. Dokazali smo, da je čemaţ alelopatsko aktiven, saj je s koncentracijo vodnih ekstraktov iz listov dolţina kalic padala, višji kompeticijski potencial sta imela okuţen tip lista in list s simulacijo okuţbe v primerjavi z zdravim tipom lista. Na rastišču ni bilo razlik v alelopatskem učinkovanju hlapljivih substanc v in izven sestoja. Metoda s poškodbo lista (luknjanje) se je izkazala za manj učinkovito pri posnemanju objedanja listnega zavrtača.

Ključne besede

magistrska dela;čemaž;Allium ursinum;listni zavrtač;Cheilosia fasciata;porometrija;prevodnost listnih rež;listne reže;Lepidium test;alelopatija;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2018
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FNM - Fakulteta za naravoslovje in matematiko
Založnik:	[A. Vajnhandl]
UDK:	581.524.13:582.584.1(043.2)
COBISS:	23684872
Št. ogledov:	778
Št. prenosov:	130
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Impact of monophagous leaf miner feeding on transpiration and allelopathic potential of the host plant
Sekundarni povzetek:	Because the majority of Allium members are host plants for numerous herbivores, this genus is of great ecological importance. Presented Msc Thesis investigated the impact of the monophagous leafminer on the ecophysiology and the competitive ability of its host plant. The interaction between the Cheilosia fasciata (Diptera: Syrphidae), a miner species, and its host plant Allium ursinum was chosen as an example. Research entailed looking at differences in transpiration with the help of stomatal conductance measurements in three types of leaves (healthy leaves, infested leaves and leaves with simulated infestation) as well as considering abiotic components. In order to focus on the competitive potential, Lepidium test and test of volatile substances were conducted to check for differences in allelopathic effects. In addition, special attention was also paid to the potential similarities between the leaves with simulated infestation and the other two types of leaves. In all three types, stomatal conductance had reduced in time. The leaves with simulated infestation preserved the highest level of stomatal conductance after the flowering stage of the wild garlic; the differences between the types were, however, minimal. The present work proves that wild garlic is an allelopatically active plant, since the length of bioassay seedlings reduced with increasing concentration of water extracts from the leaves. In comparison to the healthy type of leaves, the infested leaves and leaves with simulated infestations had higher competitive potential. In the field conditions, the allelopathic effect of volatile substances, did not differ between inside and out of A. ursinum stand. The method of damaging leaves (punched hole in the leaf blade) was proven to be a less effective way of simulating leafminer feeding.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	master theses;wild garlic;Allium ursinum;leaf miner;Cheilosia fasciata;porometry;stomatal conductivity;stomata;Lepidium test;allelopathy;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za naravoslovje in matematiko, Oddelek za biologijo
Strani:	VII, 42 f.
ID:	10904270