pregled literature
Najla Mujić (Avtor), Albina Bobnar (Recenzent), Bernarda Djekić (Mentor)

Povzetek

Uvod: Akutni miokardni infarkt srca nastane zaradi zamašitve koronarne arterije in posledične nekroze tkiva v področju prekinjenega dovoda krvi. Nastanejo nepopravljive posledice, ki vplivajo na kakovost življenja pacienta in njegove družine. Pomembna je priprava pacienta na spremenjen način življenja, ki je v času po odpustu iz bolnišnice v določeni meri odvisen tudi od časa, ki je minil od dogodka. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pregledom literature prikazati spremenjen način življenja pacientov po akutnem miokardnem infarktu v prvih šestih mesecih po odpustu iz bolnišnice ter izpostaviti vlogo medicinske sestre v času akutne hospitalizacije v smislu priprave na pričakovane spremembe. Metode: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Pri iskanju smo uporabili časovni okvir od leta 2006 do leta 2017. Literatura je bila iskana v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, Medline (PubMed) in Whiley Online Library ter preko COBIB.SI. V kvalitativno analizo raziskav o negovalnih problemih in negovalnih intervencijah pri pacientih šest mesecev po akutnem miokardnem infarktu je bilo vključenih 10 člankov. Moč dokazov analiziranih člankov smo ovrednotili po štiristopenjski lestvici. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da so pri pacientih šest mesecev po akutnem miokardnem infarktu prisotni naslednji negovalni problemi: utrujenost, anksioznost, strah, osamljenost, spolne motnje, motnje spanja, pomanjkljivo znanje in nevarnost nastanka posttravmatskega sindroma. Vse to vpliva na kakovost življenja pacientov. V času akutne hospitalizacije lahko medicinska sestra s podporo pacientu in njegovim svojcem, z načrtovanim pogovorom o možnih težavah, s spodbujanjem primerne fizične aktivnosti in z učenjem tehnik sproščanja prispeva k zmanjšanju števila negovalnih problemov po odpustu iz bolnišnice. Razprava in zaključek: Negovalni problemi, ki nastanejo zaradi poškodbe srčne mišice, lahko v prvih šestih mesecih po odpustu iz bolnišnice pomembno zmanjšajo kakovost življenja in lahko vodijo v socialno izolacijo pacienta ter pogosto pomenijo oviro pri ponovnem vključevanju v delovno aktivnost. Zdravstvena vzgoja v času bivanja pacienta v bolnišnici je ključnega pomena za lažje sprejemanje in lajšanje negovalnih problemov in uspešnejšo rehabilitacijo. Medicinska sestra mora pacientom z akutnim miokardnim infarktom ter njihovim svojcem ves čas hospitalizacije nuditi čustveno podporo. Prepoznati mora individualne potrebe in želje pacientov za izboljšanje kakovosti življenja.

Ključne besede

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;medicinske sestre;podpora;utrujenost;anksioznost;spolne motnje;motnje spanja;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija: UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
Založnik: [N. Mujić]
UDK: 616-083
COBISS: 5328235 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 1312
Št. prenosov: 558
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Changes of life of patients six months after myocardial heart attack
Sekundarni povzetek: Introduction: The acute myocardial infarction occurs due to obstruction of coronary artery and necrosis of tissue in the area of terminated blood flow. The unrepaired consequences begin which influence on quality of patient's life and his family by the time of dismiss from hospital. It is important to prepare the patient on a different life style, which is dependent of time that has passed from the event too. Purpose: The purpose of degree is the research of different life style of patients after the acute myocardial heart attack in the first six months after dismiss from the hospital and to expose the role of nurse by time of hospitalisation in term of preparations on expected changes by review of existing literature. Methods: In degree work we used descriptive method of work with literature rev iew in the Slovenian and English language. We used the time period from year 2006 to 2017 during our searching. The literature was searched in the CINAHL, MEDLINE (PubMed) and Whiley Online Library databases and in COBIB.SI database with keywords: nursing/zdravstvena nega, health education/zdravstvena vzgoja, quality of life/kakovost življenja, acute myocardial infarction/akutni miokardni infarkt, return to work/vrnitev v službo, symptoms/simptomi, six months/šest mesecev, fatigue/utrujenost, sleep disturbances/motnje spanja, physical activity/fizična aktivnost, moški, ženske/male vs. female, discharge/odpust. For answering the research questions we reviewed 8 articles and we evaluated the power of analysed articles on a four level scale. Results: We have found that the most common disorders which occur after six months of acute mycardial infarction: anxiety, depression, vital exhaustion, tiredness, sexual disorders and sleep disorders. Changes importantly effect on quality of life. The nurse can help patient and her relatives to fight the change with an individual adapted way. Results: We have found that there are nursing problems present in the patients six months after the myocardial heart attack: tiredness, anxiety, fear, lonliness, sexual disorders, sleep disorders, lack of knowledge and the danger of occurence of posttraumatic syndrome. This all influence on patient's quality of life. By the time of acute hospitalisation medical nurse can provide the support to the patient and his family, plans the conversation about the possible troubles, encourages the suitable physical activity and with training of relaxation techniques she provides to the reduction of number of nursing problems after the dismissal from hospital. Discussion and conclusion: Nursing problems which occur due to damage of heart muscle can importantly reduce the quality of life in the first six months after the dismissal from hospital. They can lead to the social isolation of the patient and they are often an obstacle to patient's anewly incorporation to work activity. Medical education by the time of patient's life in hospital is the key value for easier acceptance and relieving of nursing problems and better rehabilitation. The medical nurse must need psychological support all the time to the patients with accute myocardial heart attack and to their relatives. She must recognise the patient's individual needs and wishes to improve the quality of life.
Sekundarne ključne besede: diploma theses;nursing care;nurses;support;fatigue;anxiety;sexual disorders;sleep disorders;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program: 0
Komentar na gradivo: Dipl. delo (bolonjski študij), Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Strani: 24 str.
ID: 10910795