Vpliv stresa matere v času brejosti na agresivno obnašanje odraslih potomcev pri miših

magistrsko delo

Monika Ogrizek (Avtor), Gregor Majdič (Mentor), Gregor Majdič (Član komisije za zagovor), Branka Javornik (Član komisije za zagovor), Simon Horvat (Član komisije za zagovor), Metka Filipič (Član komisije za zagovor)

Povzetek

Nevronski sistem se v obdobju pred rojstvom zelo hitro razvija in je v tem času še posebej občutljiv na morebitne zunanje vplive. Materni stresni hormoni (glukokortikoidi) ob preveliki koncentraciji prehajajo skozi placento in vstopajo v plodov krvni obtok. Ti imajo zmožnost "reprogramiranja" plodovega živčnega sistema in tako spreminjanja normalnega razvoja. Zelo pogosta tarča maternih glukokortikoidov je plodova nevronsko-endokrina povezava med hipotalamusom, hipofizo in nadledvično žlezo (os HPA). S spreminjanjem količine receptorjev ali hormonov na tej osi lahko zaznamo dolgoročne posledice pri obnašanju živali. V naši raziskavi smo breje miši določene dneve brejosti izpostavili stresu v obliki vboda injekcijske igle, nato pa v odrasli dobi potomce testirali za moško spolno obnašanje ter s testom rezident – vsiljivec opazovali agresivno obnašanje samcev. Prvo skupino 13., 14. in 15. dan p. c. (po parjenju, lat. post coitum), drugo skupino 17. in 18. dan p. c. ter tretjo skupino vsak dan od 13. do 18. dneva p. c. Ugotovili smo, da so bili samci, ki so bili izpostavljeni stresu preko mater na 13.–18. in 17.–18. dan p. c. manj agresivni kot kontrolna skupina in imeli nižjo raven testosterona v krvi. Pri moškem spolnem obnašanju nismo dobili statistično značilnih razlik. Nato smo njihove možgane obdelali z imunohistokemično metodo barvanja tkivnih rezin in ugotavljali količino vazopresinskih (AVP) vlaken v stranskem septumu in celic, ki izražajo kalbindin (CALB) v predoptičnem področju. V izraženosti genov nismo ugotovili razlik. Naša raziskava je pokazala, da stres v 13.–15. dnevu p. c. vpliva na povišanje telesne mase v odraslem obdobju, medtem ko stres v kasnejšem obdobju, na 16.–18. dan p. c. oslabi agresivno obnašanje odraslih samcev.

Ključne besede

stres pred rojstvom;agresivno obnašanje;spolno obnašanje;testosteron;vazopresin;kalbindin;Mus musculus;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2017
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UL VF - Veterinarska fakulteta
Založnik:	[M. Ogrizek]
UDK:	616-092.9:599.323.45:636.082.456:616.89-008.444.9(043.2)
COBISS:	8810617
Št. ogledov:	857
Št. prenosov:	306
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Effect of maternal stress in prenatal period on agressive behaviour of offspring in mice
Sekundarni povzetek:	During the prenatal period, the neuronal system develops rapidly and is thus vulnerable to external influences. Maternal stress hormones (glucocorticoids) can "reprogram" the fetal nervous system, thereby altering its normal development. A common target of maternal glucocorticoids is the fetal neuro-endocrine axis between the hypothalamus, the pituitary and the adrenal gland (HPA axis). Changes in the amount of receptors or hormones on this axis can produce long term consequences in animal behaviour. In our experiment, we exposed pregnant mice to stress and then tested their male offspring for sexual and aggressive behaviour. Three groups of pregnant mice were exposed to stress by syringe injection on different days of pregnancy. The first group was injected on days 13, 14, and 15 p. c. (lat. post coitum), the second group was injected on days 17 and 18 p. c., and the third group was injected daily from days 13 to 18 p. c. Male offspring that were exposed to stress on days 13–18 and 17–18 p. c., were less aggressive and had lower testosterone levels in blood, compared to the control group. In male sexual behaviour, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. After behavioural testing, brains were processed for immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against vasopressin (AVP) and calbindin (CALB). The expression of AVP and CALB in the lateral septum and the preoptic area, respectively, did not differ between groups, suggesting that these two masculinisation markers were not affected by prenatal stress. Our research showed that stress on days 13–15 p. c. affects the increase of body weight in the adult period, while stress in the later period, on days 16–18 p. c., weakens aggressive behaviour of adult males.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	prenatal stress;aggressive behavior;sexual behavior;testosterone;vasopressin;calbindin;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Študijski program:	0
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije
Strani:	X, 46 f.
ID:	10910803