magistrsko delo
Eva Planinšek (Avtor), Vesna Štemberger (Mentor)

Povzetek

Kot pravi Horvat (1994) je vstop v šolo pomemben poseg v otrokov razvoj. Šola s svojimi oblikami dela in zahtevami na določen način predstavlja vrsto omejitev in hkrati razvoj posameznih gibalnih sposobnosti otrok. Procesi mielinizacije možganske skorje in hiter razvoj velikih možganov med šestim in desetim letom omogočajo razvoj koordinacije gibanja in najuspešnejše učenje gibalnih vzorcev (Horvat, 1994). Prav tako ima otrok izjemno veliko nakopičene energije, ki jo lahko usmeri in sprosti z različnimi oblikami gibanja. K tem prištevamo tudi jogo, ki se je v zadnjem obdobju po Sloveniji zelo razširila. Postavi se vprašanje, ali joga vpliva na gibalne sposobnosti otrok v 1. razredu OŠ, kar je tudi cilj magistrskega dela. Želeli smo ugotoviti, ali joga pozitivno vpliva na gibalne sposobnosti, ali se pojavljajo razlike med eksperimentalno in kontrolno skupino in ali se pojavljajo razlike med dečki in deklicami znotraj eksperimentalne skupine pri gibalnih sposobnostih po izvedenem programu joge. Magistrsko delo je razdeljeno na teoretirčni in empirični del. V teoretičnem delu smo najprej opisali zgodovino joge, njene značilnosti in prednosti ter opisali pozitivne učinke asan, ki smo jih tudi ponazorili. Nato smo se posvetili športnovzgojnemu kartonu in njegovim merskim nalogam ter na koncu opredelili še gibalne sposobnosti. V empiričnem delu smo podrobneje opisali raziskavo, v kateri je sodelovalo 38 učencev 1. razreda Osnovne šole Brinje, ki so bili razdeljeni na eksperimentalno in kontrolno skupino. Eksperimentalna skupina je 8 tednov trikrat na teden po 20–30 min izvajala jogo v času jutranjega varstva, nato pa smo s pomočjo športnovzgojnega kartona ugotavljali, ali omenjena aktivnost vpliva na gibalne sposobnosti otrok in kako. Za ugotavljanje razlik med eksperimentalno in kontrolno skupino ter kasneje med deklicami in dečki znotraj eksperimentalne skupine smo uporabili kontingenčne tabele in izračunali hi2. Rezultati so pokazali, da je eksperimentalna skupina izboljšala gibalne sposobnosti hitrost izmeničnih gibov, gibljivost v spodnjem delu hrbta in nog ter moč v rokah. Primerjava z rezultati kontrolne skupine pa je pokazala, da so učenci, ki so izvajali jogo, izboljšali le rezultate pri merski nalogi predklon na klopci (torej gibljivost v spodnjem delu hrbta in nog). Med eksperimentalno in kontrolno skupino drugače ni bilo statistično pomembnih razlik, smo pa ugotovili, da so imeli učenci eksperimentalne skupine v povprečju boljše rezultate pri merskih nalogah: dotikanje plošč z roko, skok v daljino z mesta, premagovanje ovir nazaj, predklon na klopci in vesa v zgibi. Rezultati med dečki in deklicami v eksperimentalni skupini so bili boljši v prid deklicam pri merskih nalogah dotikanje plošč z roko in dviganje trupa v 60-ih sekundah, kar pomeni, da so, v primerjavi z dečki, izboljšale hitrost izmeničnih gibov ter mišično vzdržljivost trupa.

Ključne besede

joga;gibalne sposobnosti;športnovzgojni karton;merske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UL PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
Založnik: [E. Planinšek]
UDK: 796.012.4:373.3(043.3)
COBISS: 12055881 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 492
Št. prenosov: 124
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Impact of yoga on motor abilities of the 1st graders
Sekundarni povzetek: According to Horvat (1994), entering school is an important intervention in child development. The school, with its forms of work and requirements in a certain way, represents a series of restrictions and at the same time the development of individual motor abilities of children. The processes of myelinization of the brain cortex and the rapid development of the big brain between six and ten years allow the development of coordination of movement and the most successful learning of motion patterns (Horvat, 1994). Also, the child has an extremely large amount of accumulated energy that can be directed and released by various forms of movement. This includes the yoga, which has spread extensively in the last period in Slovenia. The question arises as to whether yoga affects the physical abilities of children in the first grade of elementary school, which is also the goal of the master's thesis. We wanted to determine whether yoga positively affects motor skills, or there are differences between the experimental in the control group and there are differences between boys in girls within the experimental group in the motility of the yoga program. The master's thesis is divided into a theoretical and empirical part. In the theoretical part, we first described the history of yoga, its characteristics and advantages, and described the positive effects of asanas, which we have also illustrated. We then devoted ourselves to the sports cartridge and its measurements, and ultimately defined the motor skills. In the empirical part we described in more detail a survey involving 38 pupils of the first grade of the Brinje Primary School, which were divided into an experimental and control group. The experimental group performed yoga during the morning protection three times a week for 20–30 minutes for eight weeks, and then with the help of a sports cartridge, it was determined whether this activity influenced the child's physical abilities and how. To determine the differences between the experimental and the control group, and later between the girls and boys within the experimental group, the contingency tables were used and the hi2 was calculated. The results showed that the experimental group improved the abilities of the speed of alternating movements, the flexibility in the lower back and legs, and the strength in the arms. A comparison with the results of the control group showed that the pupils who performed the yoga only improved the results of the measurement task of the precancer on the bench (ie, the flexibility in the lower back and legs). In contrast, there were no statistically significant differences between the experimental and the control group; however, we found that on average, pupils of the experimental group had better results in the measurement tasks: touching the plates with a hand, long jump from the spot, overcoming obstacles back and in the hinge. The results of boys and girls in the experimental group were better for the girls in the measure task of touching the plates with the arm and lifting the hull in 60 seconds, which means that, compared to boys, the speed of alternating movements and the muscular endurance of the hull improved.
Sekundarne ključne besede: motion;primary school;gibanje;osnovna šola;
Vrsta datoteke: application/pdf
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Poučevanje, Poučevanje na razredni stopnji
Strani: 102 str.
ID: 10944858