Probacija v Sloveniji

magistrsko delo

Anita Blažič (Avtor), Marko Novak (Mentor)

Povzetek

Izvrševanje kazenskih sankcij zoper storilce kaznivih dejanj je skozi preteklost potekalo na okrutne in nehumane načine, od sekanja udov, pohabljanj, usmrtitev, poniževanj, javnih linčev, osamitev in izločitev,na podlagi katerih je vsakokratna oblast poskušala zadostiti pravičnosti kaznovanja skozi trpljenje storilca kaznivega dejanja in s tem pridobiti ugled v družbi, kakor tudi opominjati družbo na posledice, ki jih storitev kaznivega dejanja prinese storilcu. Kljub sprejetim nacionalnim in mednarodnim normam, si je prenekatera oblast dovolila ravnati po svoje ter izvrševala kazenske sankcije, ki so bile daleč od primernosti in so v več primerih presegale sorazmernost glede na storjeno kaznivo dejanje. V začetku 18. stoletja pa so ideje Cesareja Beccarieo kodificiranju kaznivih dejanj ter enakosti in zakonitosti kaznovanja v evropskem prostoru dosegle plodna tla in premiki so šli v smer oblikovanja kazenskih zakonikov na temelju načela zakonitosti. Ideje o javnosti kazni, podobnosti in zanesljivosti kazni napram izvršenemu kaznivemu dejanju, promptnosti in sorazmernosti kazni povzročenemu kaznivemu dejanju oziroma družbeni škodi so doprinesle k miselnosti, da je nekaj potrebno narediti tudi na področju preprečevanja in ne le kaznovanja. Razvile so se alternativne kazenske sankcije kot oblika izvrševanja kazenske sankcije brez prestajanja zaporne kazni, ki so prinesle tudi prepotrebno rehabilitacijo oziroma postpenalno obravnavo storilcev kaznivih dejanj in s tem vpliv na povratništvo storilcev kaznivih dejanj kakor tudi na prenatrpanost zaporskih kapacitet, s katerimi se srečuje velik odstotek evropskih držav. Izvrševanje alternativnih kazenskih sankcij, katere pojmujemo kot probacijo, se je pričelo izvajati v okviru probacijskih služb, katerih organiziranost, pristojnosti in oblike so različne, a vendar je vsem skupno dejstvo, da se skozi probacijo poskuša vplivati na storilčevo vedenje in s tem povezanost s skupnostjo. V letošnjem letu je, kot ena izmed zadnjih evropskih držav, probacijsko službo uvedla z Zakonom o probaciji tudi Slovenija ter ji s tem podelila pristojnost za izvajanje večine dosedanjih oblik postpenalnih pomoči in izvrševanje alternativnih kazenskih sankcij. S pomočjo probacijske službe, s katero bo dosedanja razpršenost izvrševanja alternativnih kazenskih sankcij med različnimi akterji prešla le na en organ, bo Slovenija imela jasnejši in sistemsko urejen pregled nad izvrševanjem alternativnih kazenskih sankcij.

Ključne besede

postpenalna obravnava;izvrševanje alternativnih kazenskih sankcij;probacija;probacijska služba;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2017
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	FDŠ - Fakulteta za državne in evropske študije
Založnik:	[A. Blažič]
UDK:	343.1(043.2)
COBISS:	2053178550
Št. ogledov:	4831
Št. prenosov:	388
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni povzetek:	Execution of criminal sanctions against offenders through history held in cruel and inhumane ways of amputation, maiming, killing, humiliation, public lynchings, isolation and exclusion, pursuant to which the respective authorities tried to meet the justice of punishment through suffering offender by gaining a reputation in society, as well,as to remind society of the consequences that a criminal offense brings to the offender. In spite of the national and international norms, it has allowed many a power to act in their own and enforce criminal sanctions, which were far from appropriate and in many cases exceed proportionality in relation to a criminal offense. In the early 18th century, Cesare Beccaria idea of codifying offenses and equality and legality of punishment in Europe reached a fertile soil and movements are going in the direction of creating criminal codes, based on the principle of legality. Ideas about public punishment, similarities and reliability of the penalty executed against an offense, promptlyand proportionality of penalties triggered an offense or social harm, have contributed to the notion that something needs to be done in the area of prevention, not just punishment. They have developed alternative criminal sanctions, as a form of enforcement of criminal penalties without imprisonment that brought the much-needed rehabilitation and post-penal treatment of offenders and the impact on the recidivism of offenders, as well as overcrowding of prison capacities, facing alarge percentage of European countries. Implementation of alternative sentencing, which considered as probation, was launched in the context of probation services, which organization, powers and shapes are different, yet all have in common the fact that through probation trying to influence the offender's behavior and the relationship with the community. This year, as one of the last European countries, Slovenia introduced the probation service with the Probation Act, giving it the power to implement most forms of post-pecuniary assistance and to enforce alternative criminal sanctions. With the help of the probation service, which will diversify the implementation of alternative criminal sanctions between different actors to only one body, Slovenia will have a clearer and systematic overview of the implementation of alternative criminal sanctions.
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Fak. za državne in evropske študije
Komentar vira:	Mag. delo 2. stopnje bolonjskega študija;
Strani:	X, 108 str.
ID:	10950361