magistrsko delo
Manca Mlakar (Avtor), Petra Žvab Rožič (Mentor), Tatjana Resnik Planinc (Komentor)

Povzetek

Področje mojega magistrskega dela se nanaša na poučevanje geoloških vsebin v osnovni šoli. Raziskavo sem naredila z namenom, da bi pokazala, kako s pomočjo izbire ustreznih učnih metod in/ali uporabe učil ter učnih pripomočkov geološke vsebine poučujemo uspešneje in kako dosegati boljše učne rezultate. Uporabljene so bile naslednje metode: analiza ciljev izbranih učnih načrtov za osnovno šolo (druga triada osnovne šole), taksonomsko vrednotenje ciljev učnih načrtov, analiza podajanja in predstavitve geoloških vsebin v izbranih učbenikih in delovnih zvezkih za osnovno šolo, izdelava učnega lista za oceno uspešnosti učne ure, analizo in ovrednotenje le tega, ter izdelava evalvacijskega vprašalnika za učitelje. Na podlagi pregleda učnih načrtov sem ugotovila, da se geološke vsebine v drugi triadi osnovne šole pojavljajo pri predmetih Naravoslovje in tehnika, Družba, Naravoslovje in Geografija. Pri teh predmetih učenci večinoma dosegajo prvo, drugo in tretjo taksonomsko stopnjo. S pregledom učbenikov in delovnih zvezkov oziroma analizo načinov podajanja vsebin sem ugotovila, da se v učbenikih pojavljajo različne rubrike, ki so ponekod zelo zastopane v nekaterih učbenikih pa pomanjkljive. Na podlagi tega sem ugotovila, da se znanje podaja na različne načine. Delovni zvezki vsebujejo različne teoretične in praktične naloge, ki so namenjene samostojnemu ali skupinskemu delu, delu doma ali v naravi, ter tudi v šoli. Delovni zvezki so dobro dodatno gradivo. Z raznolikim in smiselnim podajanjem znanja in medpredmetnim povezovanjem povečamo tudi trajnost znanja. Za izbrano ciljno skupino osnovnošolcev sem pripravila učno uro, ki je uporabna za poučevanje geoloških vsebin in je vezana na doseganje ciljev učnih načrtov. Učna ura je bila pripravljena za predmet Naravoslovje v šestem razredu in je bila izvedena na šestih osnovnih šolah, v osmih razredih. Učna ura je vsebovala metodo »možganske nevihte«, razlago definicij, demonstracijo in delo s plastelinom, interaktivno predstavitev, učne liste za učence, za učitelje pa evalvacijski vprašalnik. Osrednja tema učne ure je bil plakat z nedokončanim kamninskim krogom, ki so ga učenci tekom ure dopolnjevali. Metoda »možganske nevihte« je podala takojšnje rezultate o (pred)znanju učencev. Rezultati učnega lista so bili zadovoljivi, učenci so dosegli prvo in drugo taksonomsko stopnjo, precej dobro so si zapomnili kamninski krog, za boljšo zapomnitev snovi pa bi potrebovali več časa za ponavljanje. Učitelji so na učno uro podali pozitivno mnenje, predvsem o učinkih aktivnega sodelovanja učencev. Prav tako so pozitivno ocenili vsebinsko, pedagoško in časovno ustreznost ure. Vsi ti rezultati nakazujejo na pozitiven vzorec pomnjenja snovi pri učencih ter tudi lažje in bolj trajno pomnjenje snovi. Prav tako sem dobila pozitivno mnenje glede ustreznosti ure pri doseganju učnih ciljev.

Ključne besede

učna ura;kamninski krog;druga triada;učni načrti;učbeniki;delovni zvezki;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UL NTF - Naravoslovnotehniška fakulteta
Založnik: [M. Mlakar Willewaldt]
UDK: 55
COBISS: 1452638 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 750
Št. prenosov: 306
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: teaching of geological contents in primary school education of second triad
Sekundarni povzetek: The subject of my Master’s thesis deals with teaching geology in primary schools. I undertook this study with the aim of showing how by choosing an appropriate teaching method and/or using teaching aids with geological content we can be more successful in teaching and achieving better results. We used the following methods: we analysed the aims of selected teaching plans for primary schools (years 4, 5 and 6 of primary school), we taxonomically evaluated the targets of teaching plans, analysed how geological content was presented and taught in selected text books for primary schools, created a handout for evaluating the success of a lesson, analysed and evaluated this handout, and made a questionnaire for teachers. After looking through the teaching plans I found that geological content was present in primary school years 4 to 6 in the following subjects: Natural Sciences and technology, Society, Natural Sciences and Geography. In these subjects the pupils mostly attain the first, second and third taxonomical level. Having looked through the textbooks and work books and having analysed the ways in which the pupils were taught I realised that the text books contained various different subjects, which were dealt with well in certain text books and not so well in others. This made me realise that there are different ways of teaching the same subject matter. The work books contain different theoretical and practical exercises which are intended for independent or group work, homework or in nature and also in school. The work books are good supplementary material. By teaching in a varied and meaningful way and linking different subjects, we also help the pupil retain the knowledge they have gained. I prepared a lesson that would be useful for learning about geology and is connected with the attainment of learning plans for a target group of primary school pupils. The lesson was prepared for the subject Natural Sciences for year 6 and was taught at 6 primary schools in year 8. The lesson included some brainstorming, explanation of definitions, demonstration and work with plasticine, interactive presentations, handouts for pupils and an evaluation questionnaire for teachers. The central theme of the lesson was a poster with an unfinished rock cycle which the pupils had to fill in during the lesson. The brainstorming method immediately indicated what (prior) knowledge the pupils had. The results of the handout exercise were satisfactory, the pupils attained the first and second taxonomical level, they remembered the rock cycle quite well but to remember things better they would need more time to go over things more than once. The teachers gave a positive opinion of the lesson, above all about the effects of the active participation of the pupils. They gave an equally positive opinion of the content and the pedagogical suitability and length of the lesson. All these results indicate how pupils can remember what they are taught and remember it more easily and for a longer period of time. I also received a positive opinion regarding the lesson’s suitability for achieving the learning targets.
Sekundarne ključne besede: lesson;rock cycle;years 4 to 6;teaching plan;text books;working books;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo/naloga
Študijski program: 0
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Naravoslovnotehniška fak., Oddelek za geologijo
Strani: XIV, 80 str.
ID: 10989836