Funkcionalizacija površin medicinskih materialov z naravnimi, okoljsko prijaznimi biopolimeri za dosego inhibitornih lastnosti biofilma

magistrsko delo

Alja Čas (Avtor), Lidija Fras Zemljič (Mentor), Ivan Anžel (Komentor), Tamilselvan Mohan (Komentor)

Povzetek

Bakterijska kontaminacija površin, ki vodi v nastanek biofilma, je velik problem na področju zdravstva, v prehrambni industriji, kozmetiki idr. Pojavile so se številne preventivne strategije odstranjevanja oz. zmanjševanja nastajanja bakterijskih adhezij, ki pripomorejo k zmanjšanju razvoja biofilma na površinah materialov. Polimerni materiali, iz katerih so v veliki meri izdelani medicinski pripomočki, so med uporabo navadno ugodni za adhezijo bakterij. V to skupino materialov sodijo tudi silikonski materiali, ki so nosilni material katetrov, timpanalnih cevk, dializnih in gastroenteroloških tub itd. Pri njih zaradi bakterijske adhezije posledično zelo pogosto prihaja do infekcij in pri kardiovaskularnih materialih tudi do strjevanja krvi. Polisaharidi so naravni biopolimeri, ki kažejo številne zdravilne učinke. Površinska obdelava z naravnimi ali modificiranimi polisaharidi, ki sodijo med biopolimere, različnih polimernih materialov za medicino, je obetavno inhibitorno sredstvo proti bakterijskim infekcijam. Z okoljevarstvenega vidika so to okolju prijazni agensi, saj so biološko razgradljivi in kompatibilni, njihova uporaba pa vpliva na zmanjšanje ogljičnega odtisa. V magistrski nalogi je bil poudarek na dveh naravnih biopolimerih, polisaharidih, to sta hialuronska kislina in fukoidan. Makromolekularne raztopine obeh biopolimerov so bile preučene z vidika biofilmskih inhibitornih premazov za silikonske filme. V teoretičnem poglavju so opisane njune glavne značilnosti. Eksperimentalni del zajema funkcionalizacijo silikonskega materiala z obema naravnima biopolimeroma. Sledila je podrobna študija interakcij med makromolekularnimi raztopinami z modelnimi silikonskimi površinami, kjer je bil preučen vpliv pH in koncentracije soli na adsorpcijo/desorpcijo. Slednje smo analizirali s pomočjo uporabe natančne kremenove mikrotehtnice. Kot modelni sistem so bili uporabljeni tanki silikonski filmi, narejeni z raztapljanjem silikona v toluenu in tvorbo filmov z metodo »spin-coating«. Fokus raziskave je bil na preučitvi biofilmskih inhibitornih lastnosti naravnih biopolimerov kot funkcionalnega premaza silikona proti razvoju biofilma. V ta namen se je v drugem delu naloge s kremenovo mikrotehtnico preučila afiniteta vezave proteinov na funkcionalizirane modelne silikonske filme.

Ključne besede

naravni biopolimeri;biofilm;medicinski pripomočki;magistrske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2019
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FS - Fakulteta za strojništvo
Založnik:	[A. Čas]
UDK:	577.114.023.2:615.281.9(043.2)
COBISS:	22374166
Št. ogledov:	802
Št. prenosov:	98
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Functionalization of surfaces of medical materials with natural, environmentally friendly biopolymers for achieving the inhibitory properties of biofilm
Sekundarni povzetek:	Bacterial contamination of surfaces leading to the formation of biofilm is a major problem in the fields of health, food industry, cosmetics, etc. A number of preventative removal strategies have emerged or reduced the formation of bacterial adhesions which help to reduce the development of biofilm on the surfaces of materials. Polymeric materials, from which medical devices are largely manufactured, are usually favorable for adhesion of bacteria during their use. Such a material group also includes silicone materials which are the carrier material of catheters, tympanic tubes, dialysis, and gastroenterology tubes, etc. Consequently, inflammation of these materials results in infections due to bacterial adhesion and, in the case of cardiovascular materials, even blood clotting. Polysaccharides are natural biopolymers that show many healing effects. Surface treatment with natural or modified polysaccharides which are among biopolymers of various polymeric materials for medicine is a promising inhibitor against bacterial infections. From the environmental point of view, these are environmentally friendly agents because they are biodegradable, compatible, and their use affects the reduction of carbon footprint. The master's thesis focused on two natural biopolymers polysaccharides, such as hyaluronic acid and fucoidan. The macromolecular solutions of both biopolymers were examined from the point of view of biofilm inhibitory coatings for silicone films. The theoretical chapter describes the main characteristics of the latter. Experimental part covers the functionalization of the silicone material with both natural biopolymers. A detailed study of the interactions between macromolecular solutions with modeled silicone surfaces followed where the effect of pH and salt concentration on adsorption/desorption was studied. The latter was analyzed using a precision quartz crystal microbalance. As a modeling system, thin silicone films were used made by dissolving silicone in toluene and forming films with a "spin-coating" method. The focus of the study was on the biofilm study of the inhibitory properties of natural biopolymers as a functional coating of silicone against the development of biofilm. In the second part of the quartz crystal microbalance, the affinity of binding of proteins to functionalized model silicone films was studied to this end.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	natural biopolymers;biofilm;medical devices;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za strojništvo, Tehniško varstvo okolja
Strani:	XXIII, 86 str.
ID:	11102955