magistrsko delo
Monika Ferfolja (Avtor), Janja Vaupotič (Mentor)

Povzetek

Radioaktiven žlahtni plin radon (222Rn) je eden izmed največjih onesnaževalcev zraka v zaprtih prostorih, saj lahko vsakodnevna izpostavljenost radonu vodi do nastanka pljučnega raka. Cilj magistrske naloge je bil ugotoviti, kako bivalne navade stanovalcev (predvsem prezračevanje) vplivajo na koncentracije aktivnosti radona v prostorih in na prejete efektivne doze. V mestu Idrija smo si izbrali dve hiši (H1 in H2), ki stojita v bližini Idrijske prelomnice, kjer smo primerjali dinamiko radona v povezavi z bivalnimi navadami. Najprej smo v obeh hišah izmerili trenutne koncentracije radona v več prostorih. Nato smo na osnovi trenutne koncentracije radona izbrali prostor z enako namembnostjo in čim bolj podobno koncentracijo radona za nadaljnje kontinuirne meritve. Izkazalo se je, da sta to spalnici obeh hiš, kjer so se trenutne koncentracije radona razlikovale le za 1 %. Kontinuirne meritve radona smo v obeh spalnicah izvedli v obdobju od 1.1. do 18.11.2018. Iz urnih koncentracij radona smo izračunali različna povprečja koncentracij: letno, dnevno, zimsko, spomladansko, poletno in jesensko, in jih uporabili za izračun efektivnih doz, ki jih prejmejo stanovalci v času spanja (8 od 24 ur za vse leto). Povprečne koncentracije radona samo poleti niso presegle mejne vrednosti 300 Bq m─3. Po pričakovanju so bile v obeh spalnicah koncentracije radona najvišje pozimi in najnižje poleti, spomladi in jeseni pa so bile precej podobne. Koncentracije so bile višje ponoči kot podnevi, v vseh letnih časih pa najvišje zjutraj, pred začetkom zračenja spalnic. V spalnici H1 je bila povprečna letna koncentracija radona 797754 Bq m─3, v spalnici H2 pa 854785 Bq m─3. Efektivne doze smo izračunali na osnovi koncentracije aktivnosti radona za (i) ves dan (0─24h) in (ii) samo nočni čas (22─6h). Povprečna letna celodnevna (0─24h) efektivna doza je bila v spalnici H1 8,83 mSv in v spalnici H2 9,52 mSv. Povprečna letna nočna (22─6h) efektivna doza pa je bila v spalnici H1 višja za faktor 1,03 in v spalnici H2 za faktor 1,07 od celodnevne. Efektivne doze so v obeh spalnicah močno povezane s prezračevanjem, saj se z večjo intenzivnostjo zračenja znižajo. Tako je efektivna doza na osnovi nočne koncentracije radona v spalnici H1 poleti za faktor 4,7 nižja od zimske, v spalnici H2 pa za faktor 5,1.

Ključne besede

radon;kontinuirne meritve;bivalno okolje;prezračevanje;efektivna doza;tektonski prelomi;magistrske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UNG FZO - Fakulteta za znanosti o okolju
Založnik: [M. Ferfolja]
UDK: 54
COBISS: 5373179 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 4242
Št. prenosov: 169
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: The influence of living habits on indoor radon concentration
Sekundarni povzetek: Radioactive noble gas radon (222Rn) is one of the most important indoor air pollutants world-wide, and a long term exposure to radon may result into lung cancer. The aim of the master's thesis was to evaluate how the living habits (especially ventilation of rooms) affect indoor radon activity concentrations and consequently the effective doses received by residents. In the Idrija town, two houses (H1 and H2) were chosen, located near the Idrija's fault, in order to compare the dynamics of radon in relation to living habits of residents. First, in both houses air samples were taken with ɑ-scintillation cells in several rooms (living room, kitchen, bathroom, bedroom, room/corridor) and instantaneous radon activity concentrations determined. Based on these results, two rooms, one in each house, with similar radon levels and similar use were selected for further research. They were the bedrooms, where the radon activity concentration differing for 1 % only, and where radon was monitored continuously (once an hour) from January 1 to November 18, 2018. From hourly radon activity concentrations, various concentration averages have been calculated: annual, daily, winter, spring, summer and autumn. These averages have been then used to calculate effective doses received by a resident when sleeping (8 of 24 hours for whole year). In both bedrooms, only the summer average did not exceed the 300 Bq m─3 limit. As expected, the highest radon levels have been observed in winter, the lowest in summer, and medium in spring and autumn, being similar in both rooms. Hourly radon levels were higher in night-time than daytime, being the highest in the morning, just before the aeration of the rooms was started. The annual average radon activity concentration was 797754 Bq m─3 in H1 and 854785 Bq m─3 in H2. The annual average effective doses have been calculated in two ways, based on radon activity concentration (i) for whole day (0─24h) and (ii) for night-time (22─6h) only. The annual whole day (0─24h) effective dose received in bedroom of H1 was 8.83 mSv, and of H2 9.52 mSv, respectively. The annual doses, based on night-time radon concentrations (22─6h), were for a factor 1.03 in H1 and 1.07 in H2 higher, respectively. Effective doses are strongly correlated to aeration of bedrooms; they significantly decreased with increased aeration. The effective dose, on the basis of night-time radon concentration (22─6h), is in the bedroom H1 4.7 fold lower in summer than in winter and in the bedroom H2 5.1 fold, respectively.
Sekundarne ključne besede: Radon;continuous monitoring;living environment;ventilation;effective dose;tectonic fault;
URN: URN:SI:UNG
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Novi Gorici, Fak. za znanosti o okolju
Strani: XI, 47 str.
ID: 11112393