(magistrsko diplomsko delo)
Povzetek
Inkriminacije s posledico smrti so med kaznivimi dejanji, kvalificiranimi s hujšo posledico najbolj razširjene v tujih kazenskopravnih zakonodajah. Nemčija in Avstrija inkriminirata smrt žrtve pri številnih kaznivih dejanjih, s tem da Avstrija uporabi institut širše, saj ga uporabi tudi pri kaznivih dejanjih zoper svobodo, spolno integriteto in samoodločbo, uradno dolžnost in pri kaznivih dejanjih, izvršenih v krivdni obliki malomarnosti. V smrti osebe se mora uresničiti nevarnost za življenje, ki je tipično značilna za temeljno kaznivo dejanje. Problematična je vzročna zveza, kadar k smrtnemu izidu prispevajo tudi žrtve, tretje osebe ali storilec sam po končanem temeljnem kaznivem dejanju. Krivdna oblika je v Nemčiji predvidena ožje kot v Avstriji, kjer je malomarnost omejena na strožjo obliko. Danes nemška kazenskopravna teorija kritizira visoko zagrožene kazni, ki so predvidene enako ne glede na krivdno obliko, saj taka ureditev nasprotuje krivdnemu načelu in načelu enakosti. Kazni v Avstriji so nižje in pri kaznivih dejanjih, kvalificiranih s posledico smrti zoper splošno varnost, predvidene v dveh stopnjah. Slovenski zakonodajalec v ureditvi bistveno odstopa pri izbiri temeljnih kaznivih dejanj, inkriminiranih s posledico smrti osebe, pri omejitvi krivdne oblike na malomarnost, uporabi objektivnega pogoja kaznivosti in s premilimi kaznimi, ki so zagrožene pri posameznih inkriminacijah v primeru smrti več oseb. Švicarska konfederacija je v starejši ureditvi inkriminirala smrt osebe kot hujšo posledico, vendar je inkriminacije postopoma ukinila, ker po stališču zakonodajalca nasprotujejo krivdnemu načelu. Danes v primeru smrti oseb uporabi pravila o odmeri kazni za kazniva dejanja v steku.
Ključne besede
primerjalnopravna analiza;kaznivo dejanje;nevarnost;smrt;malomarnost;lahkomiselnost;stek;dosmrtni zapor;žrtev;samomor;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2019 |
Tipologija: |
2.09 - Magistrsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL PF - Pravna fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[B. Planko] |
UDK: |
343(043.2) |
COBISS: |
16832593
|
Št. ogledov: |
642 |
Št. prenosov: |
191 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Comparative Legal Analysis of Incriminations with aggravated Consequences |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Criminal offences with fatal results are the most represented special type of qualifying criminal offences with serious consequences in foreign criminal laws. Germany and Austria have incriminated fatal results at numerous offences, whereas Austria has incriminated them even more broadly, since it has also applied the incrimination of fatal results with regard to offences against liberty, sexual integrity and self-determination, official duty and offences caused by negligence. In case of a person’s death, fatal danger, typical of the basic criminal offence, is realised. Causality, involving victims, third parties or perpetrators of the basic criminal act, is also problematic. In Germany negligence is limited to its strictest form. Currently, German criminal law theory criticises strict punishments, which are imposed regardless of the form of culpability, since this contradicts the principle of culpability and the principle of equality. The imposed penalties in Austria are less strict and are, with regard to fatal results against public safety, determined in two stages. Slovenian legislation has essentially deviated in the regulation according to the choice of basic criminal offences, limited culpability only on negligence, the use of objective conditions of punishment and mild penalties in cases where individual offences cause the deaths of others. In its previous penal codes, Switzerland incriminated death of a person as an aggravated result but it later abolished such incriminations, because this, according to the related legislation, contradicted the principle of culpability. Today, in cases of death of a person it imposes a combined sentence for the basic offence and fatal result in concurrence. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
comparative legal analysis;criminal offence;danger;fatal result;negligence;recklessness;life sentence;victim;suicide; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Magistrsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): |
1970-01-01 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Pravna fak. |
Strani: |
43 f. |
ID: |
11158899 |