študija primera
Alenka Demšar (Avtor), Stanislav Košir (Mentor)

Povzetek

Otroci s posebnimi potrebami s svojimi motnjami izstopajo iz družbe, zaradi česar je večja možnost, da bodo hitro označeni za drugačne v negativnem smislu. Posledica tega je lahko tudi izključitev iz družbenega okolja s strani pripadnikov družbe. Diplomsko delo raziskuje, ali kljub vsej zakonodaji, ki naj bi otrokom s posebnimi potrebami zagotavlja enakovredno vključitev v okolje, prihaja do socialne izključenosti. Teoretični del opredeljuje otroke s posebnimi potrebami in socialno izključenost. Navede razloge za socialno izključenost, spoznanja in mnenja različnih strokovnjakov o vključevanju otrok s posebnimi potrebami v redne vzgojno-izobraževalne institucije ter strategije za lažje vključevanje otroka z avtistično motnjo v redni oddelek vrtca. Cilj raziskovalnega dela je bila analiza socialne vključenosti otroka s posebnimi potrebami, in sicer otroka z avtistično motnjo in zmerno motnjo v duševnem razvoju, v programu s prilagojenim izvajanjem ter dodatno strokovno pomočjo. Raziskava je ugotavljala odnos vzgojiteljice do otroka s posebno potrebo, kako otrok deluje v skupini in ali je v oddelku popolnoma sprejet s strani vrstnikov ali le navidezno. Izvedena je bila z opazovanjem in uporabo sociometrične preizkušnje. Opazovanje je trajalo tri tedne in je temeljilo na sedmih spremenljivkah (pozitivne interakcije, negativne interakcije, spodbude s strani vzgojiteljic, interakcije z vzgojiteljico/pomočnico vzgojiteljice, načrtovane dejavnosti, otroci izven skupine, otroci iz skupine). Rezultati opazovanja so predstavljeni v tabelah. Na podlagi sociometrične preizkušnje, kjer so otroci izbirali najboljše prijatelje, se je izračunal sociometrični status vsakega otroka. Izbire otrok so prikazane v sociometričnem grafu, kjer so razvidni tudi odnosi med otroki (enosmerni, dvosmerni). Raziskava ugotavlja, da se vzgojiteljica zelo trudi, da bi bil otrok s posebnimi potrebami enakovredno vključen v skupino, vendar kljub temu prihaja do razlik med njim in ostalimi otroki. Zaradi njegove motnje je velikokrat v svojem svetu in ne navezuje veliko stikov z ostalimi. Iz opazovanja je bilo razvidno, da ga otroci sprejemajo, vendar ga v svojo igro ne vključijo pogosto. Pri dejavnostih sodeluje, če so aktivne, drugače le opazuje ali pa se umakne v svoj svet in se prosto igra. Sociometrična tehnika ugotavlja, da se otrok v socialni strukturi skupine nahaja na obrobju.

Ključne besede

socialna izključenost;odnosi med vrstniki;otrokove pravice;avtistična motnja;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija: UL PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
Založnik: [A. Demšar]
UDK: 373.2:376(043.2)
COBISS: 12583753 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 633
Št. prenosov: 81
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Social inclusion of children with special needs - case study
Sekundarni povzetek: Children with special needs stand out from society, because of their disabilities. That makes them more likely to be quickly marked as different in a negative sense. This may also lead to the exclusion from the social environment by members of society. The diploma thesis examines if, despite all legislation that provides for children with special needs an equal inclusion in the environment, there still comes to social exclusion. The theoretical part defines children with special needs and social exclusion. It outlines the reasons for social exclusion, findings and opinions of various experts on the inclusion of children with special needs in regular educational institutions and strategies for facilitating the involvement of a child with autistic disorder in the regular kindergarten. The aim of the research work was to analyze the social inclusion of a child with special needs, namely a child with autistic disorder and a moderate intellectual disability, in a program with adapted implementation and additional professional help. The study determined the attitude of the educator to the child with a special need, how the child works in the group and if he is completely accepted by the peers or apparently. It was performed by observing and using sociometric test. The observation lasted for three weeks and was based on seven variables (positive interactions, negative interactions, incentives by educators, interaction with the educator/assistant teacher, planned activities, children outside the group, children from the group). The observation results are presented in tables. Based on a sociometric test, where children selected their best friends, was calculated the sociometric status of each child. The choices of children are shown in a sociometric graph, where we can see the relationships between children (one-way, two-way). The research finds that the educator is very keen to have a child with special needs equally included in the group, but nevertheless there are differences between him and the other children. Because of his disorder, he is often in his own world and does not have much contact with others. From observation, it was evident that children accept him, but they do not include him frequently in their game. He participate in the activities if they are active, otherwise he only observe or go back to their world and play freely. The sociometric technique notes that the child in the social structure of the group is located on the periphery.
Sekundarne ključne besede: backward child;nursery school;otrok s posebnimi potrebami;vrtec;
Vrsta datoteke: application/pdf
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Predšolska vzgoja
Strani: 46 str.
ID: 11225289