magistrsko delo
Povzetek
Uvod: Število otrok v vrtcih nenehno narašča, pri čemer se posledično poveča izpostavljenost mikroorganizmom in nalezljivim boleznim. Generalno gledano vrtci predstavljajo okolje, ki je idealno za širjenje nalezljivih bolezni, saj je tam povečana gostota otrok in ti hkrati preživijo daljši čas v skupini. Namen: Z odkritim opazovanjem strokovnih delavk in otrok v delovnem procesu želimo analizirati higiensko stanje površin, opreme, igrač in rok strokovnih delavk ter ugotoviti higienske navade glede umivanja rok pri otrocih prvega starostnega obdobja. Z odvzemom mokrih brisov na snažnost želimo preveriti učinkovitost programov čiščenja in razkuževanja površin, opreme in igrač v izbranih vrtcih na prisotnost bakterije Staphylococus aureus, enterobakterij, streptokokov in skupnega števila mikroorganizmov (SŠMO) pred in po izvedenem čiščenju in morebitnem razkuževanju.Metode dela: S pomočjo opazovalne liste smo izvedli opazovanje strokovnih delavk, kako si med delovnim procesom umivajo in po potrebi razkužujejo roke. Istočasno smo pri otrocih prvega starostnega obdobja opazovali, kako izvajajo umivanje rok med bivanjem v vrtcu. V izbranih vrtcih smo z odvzemom vzorcev brisov na snažnost iz vnaprej določenih vzorčnih mest ugotavljali prisotnost bakterij Staphylococus aureus, streptokokov, enterobakterij in SŠMO pred in po izvedenem čiščenju ter morebitnem razkuževanju. Rezultati: Z odkritim opazovanjem smo ugotovili, da strokovne delavke ustrezno skrbijo za higiensko prakso, prav tako so v veliko pomoč pri umivanju rok otrok. Iz rezultatov brisov rok vzgojiteljic in pomočnic vzgojiteljic je razvidno, da je bila bakterija Staphylococcus aureus poleg streptokokov in enterobakterij najpogosteje prisotna na rokah vzgojiteljic in v enem primeru pri pomočnici vzgojiteljice. Na določenih površinah so bili po čiščenju največkrat najdeni streptokoki, sledile so bakterija Staphylococcus aureus in enterobakterije. Razprava in zaključek: V vrtcih je vzdrževanje higiene površin, opreme in igrač zelo pomembno, vključno z doslednim umivanjem in po potrebi razkuževanjem rok strokovnih delavk in umivanjem rok otrok. Tako strokovne delavke kot otroci bi za dosego učinkovito umitih rok morali podaljšati čas umivanja rok. Obstoječa načrta čiščenja in razkuževanja površin, opreme ter igrač sta v izbranih vrtcih ustrezno tehnično pripravljena, vendar izvedba čiščenja v enem vrtcu ni bila dovolj učinkovita.
Ključne besede
magistrska dela;sanitarno inženirstvo;bakterije;umivanje rok;razkuževanje rok;čiščenje;razkuževanje;vrtci;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2020 |
Tipologija: |
2.09 - Magistrsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[M. Štrakl] |
UDK: |
614 |
COBISS: |
5793643
|
Št. ogledov: |
798 |
Št. prenosov: |
277 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Efficiency of hygiene programs in selected kindergartens |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Introduction: The number of children in kindergarten is growing constantly, which consequently increases the exposure to microorganisms and contagious diseases. As a rule, kindergartens are the ideal environment to spread contagious diseases due to number of children spending time together in a closed group. Purpose: Through observation of educational workers and children in their working process, we aim to establish their hygienic habits regarding handwashing in early childhood years. Using pre-wet swabs on surfaces, equipment and toys before and after the cleaning and disinfection process, we aim to validate the efficiency of the cleaning and disinfection process against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus and all microorganisms combined. Methods: Using the observation form, we carried out many classroom observations of the teachers to monitor their process of handwashing and, if necessary, disinfection. At the same time, we were able to observe young children, how they wash their hands during their time in kindergarten. Having swabbed pre-determined surfaces, we were able to establish the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus and all microorganisms combined before and after the cleaning and disinfection process. Results: Through observation, we were able to see the educational workers use the proper hygiene practice, in addition, they proved of great help in washing the children’s hands. Swab tests of kindergarten teachers and assistants have showed the bacterium was the most widely present on the hands of the teachers, as well as one assistant. On certain surfaces, Streptococcus were most frequently found after cleaning, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae. Discussion and conclusion: Maintaining hygiene on the surfaces, equipment and toys proved of vital importance in kindergartens. Furthermore, the paper was able to establish the necessity to wash and, if needed, disinfect hands of teachers and children consistently. The paper concludes that to achieve effective cleanliness, the educational workers and children ought to prolong the time of washing. The cleaning and disinfection plans are appropriate in all the kindergartens; however, the procedure was not carried out effectively enough in one of the kindergartens. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
master's theses;sanitary engineering;bacteria;handwashing;hand disinfection;cleaning;disinfection;kindergartens; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Magistrsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za sanitarno inženirstvo |
Strani: |
69 str., [2] str. pril. |
ID: |
11555480 |