Minimalna obdelava tal pri pridelavi koruze (Zea mays)

diplomsko delo

Domen Šifrer (Avtor), Aleš Kuhar (Recenzent), Rajko Bernik (Mentor)

Povzetek

Obdelavo tal lahko v grobem razdelimo na dva načina. Prvi način obdelave tal in najbolje splošno poznan je konvencionalni način obdelave tal. Za ta način obdelave kot osnovno orodje uporabljajo plug. Preorana njiva še ni primerna za setev, zato je potreben dodaten postopek obdelave. Za pripravo njive na setev uporabimo predsetvenik ali vrtavkasto brano. Ta način obdelave tal je sicer zelo uspešen in uporaben, zahteva pa precej časa za vsa delovna opravila. Kot drugi način obdelave tal se vedno bolj uveljavlja minimalna obdelava tal. Pri minimalni obdelavi tla obdelujemo površinsko. Rastlinske ostanke zgolj mešamo v zgornji plasti njivske površine. Pri tem načinu običajno uporabljamo krožne brane. S krožnimi branami zgornjo plast njivske površine premešamo in razdrobimo na manjše grude in tako pripravimo površino na novo setev. V poskusu, ki smo ga izvedli na Sorškem polju, rezultati kažejo na smotrnost minimalne obdelave tal pri pridelovanju koruze. Razlika med načinoma obdelave se ni razlikovala po številu storžev na rastlino ali pa velikosti rastlin. Največja razlika je bila pri številu rastlin na hektar, kar se kasneje odraža v pridelku sveže mase. Pri minimalni obdelavi tal smo pridelali 63877 kg/ha sveže mase koruze, pri konvencionalni obdelavi tal pa približno 2500 kg več, vendar smo pri minimalni obdelavi tal porabili manj časa in goriva.

Ključne besede

koruza;pridelava;obdelava tal;konvencionalna obdelava;minimalna obdelava;pridelek;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2020
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UL BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
Založnik:	[D. Šifrer]
UDK:	633.15(043.2)
COBISS:	18569219
Št. ogledov:	803
Št. prenosov:	211
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Minimum tillage for corn (Zea mays) production
Sekundarni povzetek:	Generally, we can divide tillage into two major branches. The first option, which is also the most common, is the conventional tillage. This type uses plough as the fundamental tool. The field, which has been ploughed, is not yet suitable for sowing and consequently, an additional processing operation is required. A cultivator or a rotary harrow is used in order to prepare the field. It is true that this tillage option has a very high success rate and is very useful but it does demand a lot of time for all the necessary works. On the other hand, minimum tillage is emerging as an increasingly common alternative. In this case, the field is cultivated by the means of surface treatment. The plant remains are only mixed in the upper layer of the field surface. For this procedure, we normally utilize circular harrows. Circular harrows allow us to mix the upper layer of the field surface and subsequently crumble it into smaller clods, which eventually enables us to prepare the surface for the new sowing. Our experiment, which was conducted on the Sorško polje, proved that the minimum tillage is appropriate for producing corn. There was no difference between the types of tillage when taking into consideration both the number of corncobs per plant and the size of plant. The largest difference occurred in the number of plants per hectare, which is later reflected in the fresh mass production. By using the minimum tillage, we produced 63,877 kg/ha of corn fresh mass while the conventional tillage yielded about 2,500 kg more. However, the minimum tillage required less time and fuel.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	maize;production;tillage;conventional tillage;conservation tillage;yield;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Delo diplomskega projekta/projektno delo
Študijski program:	0
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za zootehniko
Strani:	VIII, 34 str.
ID:	11769175