diplomsko delo
Povzetek
Z naraščanjem potrebe po hrani v svetu in prepovedi uporabe GSO v Evropi, težnja po razvoju učinkovitejših metod za varstvo rastlin narašča, skupaj s težnjo po večjem pridelku. Problem predstavlja tudi razvoj rezistence insektov na določene pesticide, zato se pojavlja potreba po konstantnem izboljševanju le-teh. Biopesticidi so kot naravne snovi biorazgradljivi in se ne kopičijo v naravi, tako kot nekateri sintetični pesticidi, zato predstavljajo boljšo alternativo. Pod biopesticide spadajo mikroorganizmi, rastlinski izvlečki in biološke molekule, ki tarčno delujejo na želene škodljivce in jih uničijo. V diplomskem delu se osredotočim na delovanje biopesticidov na osnovi RNA interference in raziščem njihovo aplikacijo za zatiranje rastlinskih škodljivcev. RNA interferenca je evolucijsko ohranjen regulatorni mehanizem, ki povzroči utišanje določenih genov in prepreči translacijo mRNA v protein. Mehanizem deluje zelo specifično in cilja le določene gene. Pri razvoju biopesticida na osnovi RNAi ciljamo na gene z življenjsko pomembno funkcijo, kar pri uspešnem utišanju izražanja povzroči smrt škodljivca.
Ključne besede
biotehnologija;RNAi;RNA interferenca;varstvo rastlin;biopesticid;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2020 |
Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL BF - Biotehniška fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[T. Zotler] |
UDK: |
601.4:577.21:606:632(043.2) |
COBISS: |
17966595
|
Št. ogledov: |
578 |
Št. prenosov: |
196 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Use of RNAi technology for pest control |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Aspirations to develop more efficient ways of pest control and bigger yields are rising due to increasing world demand for food. The biggest problem agriculture faces in acomplishing these goals is that insects are devoloping resistance to current pest control methods. Biopesticides present the best currently available alternative, they are natural and biodegradable, which makes them more environmentaly and consumer friendly. Biopesticides are types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. They generally affect only the target pest and closely related organisms, in contrast to broad spectrum, conventional pesticides that may affect organisms as different as birds, insects and mammals. In my work I illustrate the mechanism behind RNAi based biopesticides and challenges they face. RNA interference presents a new mode of action in pest control. It is an evolutionary conserved mechanism, which causes gene silencing and prevents mRNA translation. The outcome of RNAi effects on the insect mainly depends upon the selection of an ideal target gene. The ideal gene target for RNAi should be vital for insect survival, and must be highly expressed. When RNAi is successful the target gene is silenced, which causes death of the target insect. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
biotechnology;RNA interference;pest control;biopesticide; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): |
1970-01-01 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije |
Strani: |
VIII, 20 str. |
ID: |
11769176 |