Radikalni islamizem in džihad

diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Varnost in policijsko delo

Tina Svet (Avtor), Miha Dvojmoč (Mentor)

Povzetek

Terorizem v sodobnem svetu predstavlja eno izmed ključnih groženj za nacionalno in mednarodno varnost. Teroristični akt je pogosto učinkovita taktika šibkejše strani v neizenačenem konfliktu. Učinki oziroma posledice terorizma so neprimerljivo večje od stroškov in so zelo neposredne. To so človeške žrtve, strah in trpljenje, ogrožanje družbene povezanosti, politične stabilnosti, velika materialna škoda in podobno. Poleg negativnih družbenih in gospodarskih posledic ima terorizem tudi druge, neposredne učinke. Med temi je najbolj kritično povečanje poseganja varnostnih organov v človekove pravice. Teroristični akt ima trdno določene cilje, ki pa so doseženi šele z reakcijo napadene strani. Ta reakcija je pogosto pretirana in sproži verigo dogodkov, ki vodijo k cilju, ki so ga napadalci določili. Med vzroke oziroma gonilo terorizma spadajo številni dejavniki in sicer psihološki, gospodarski, politični, verski in socialni. V zaključnem delu se bomo posvetili predvsem terorizmu, ki je povezan z islamsko religijo. Islam je monoteistična, druga največja religija na svetu in se zelo hitro širi. Za svoje širjenje po svetu nekatere ekstremistične islamske skupine za orodje uporabljajo nasilje, ki velikokrat vodi v teroristične napade (Purg, 1997). Islamska religija ima drugače urejeno pravo, ki mu pravimo Šeriatsko pravo oz. Šarija. Šeriatsko pravo ne povzema le odnosov med ljudmi in državo, temveč tudi odnose človeka z Bogom. Džihad oziroma sveta vojna v islamskem izrazoslovju pomeni potruditi se ali stremeti k plemenitemu namenu. Pri radikalnih islamistih pa je džihad pojmovan kot dolžnost, ki jo razumejo kot potrebo po islamiziranju Zahodnih držav z nasiljem, ki brez nadzora preide v teroristična dejanja. Boj proti verskemu terorizmu je izjemno zapleten. Najuspešnejši ukrep naj bi bil odprava vzrokov, ki so pripeljali do terorizma (Pasić, 2006).

Ključne besede

diplomske naloge;Džihad;obveščevalna dejavnost;protiteroristični ukrepi;radikalni islamizem;terorizem;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2020
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	[T. Svet]
UDK:	343.3(043.2)
COBISS:	27408387
Št. ogledov:	397
Št. prenosov:	58
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Radical islamism and jihad
Sekundarni povzetek:	Terrorism is one of the key problems to national and international security in the modern world. A terrorist act often represents effective tactics of the weaker side in an unequal conflict. The consequences of terrorism are direct and far more outweigh the costs. These consequences include human sacrifices, fear and suffering, threats to social cohesion, political stability, huge material damage etc. The aim of terrorist attacks is not necessarily to cause a high number of casualties, but to create propaganda effects. Beside negative social and economic consequences, terrorism has other indirect effects, of which the most critical is the increase of security authorities’ interference with human rights. For each, even not so intensive terrorist threat, it is necessary to activate a large part of the national security system or a multitude of state national-security mechanisms. A terrorist act has well-defined goals, which are only achiežžved through the reaction of the attacked side. This reaction is often exaggerated, triggering a chain of events that lead to the realization of attacker’s goal. The causes of terrorism include many factors, such as psychological, economic, political, religious and social. In the degree paper, we will focus on terrorism related to the Islamic religion. Islam is monotheistic, second largest religion in the world, and is spreading very quickly. With the goal to spread around the world, some extremist Islamic groups have used violence as a tool which many times leads to terrorist attacks. The Islamic religion has a law that is completely different from Western law. It is called Sharia law. Sharia does not only define the relations between people and the state, but also the relations between man and God. Jihad, meaning holy war in Islamic terminology, means pursuing a noble cause. Radical Islamists understand jihad as a duty to Islamize Western countries with the help of violence, which, if not under control, leads to terrorist attacks. The fight against religious terrorism is extremely complex. The most successful measure is to eliminate the causes that lead to terrorism.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Counter-terrorist measures;intelligence service;jihad;radical islamism;terrorism.;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	VII, 50 str.
ID:	12006049