diplomsko delo
Povzetek
Uvod: Patelarna tendinopatija je preobremenitvena poškodba, pogosta pri športih, ki vključujejo veliko skakanja, kot sta košarka in odbojka. Nastane ob ponavljajoči se preobremenitvi ekstenzornega mehanizma kolenskega sklepa. Zdravljenje patelarne tendinopatije je lahko operativno ali konservativno. Ortotična oskrba je eden izmed slednjih načinov. Čeprav ni predpisanega protokola zdravljenja, se na podlagi raziskav na tem področju najpogosteje priporoča ekscentrična vadba. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil predstaviti ortotično oskrbo pacientov s patelarno tendinopatijo na podlagi pregleda strokovne in znanstvene literature kot tudi dostopnih izdelkov na trgu. Metode dela: Iskanje literature smo opravili v podatkovnih bazah PubMed in Google Učenjak z uporabo iskalnih nizov »(patelarna tendinopatija ALI skakalno koleno) IN (opornica ALI ortoza)« v slovenščini ter »(patellar tendinopathy OR jumper's knee) AND (orthosis OR brace OR strap)« v angleščini. Pregled ortoz na trgu smo izvedli s pomočjo iskalnika Google, s kombinacijo ključnih besed v slovenščini in angleščini. Rezultati: V našo raziskavo smo vključili 8 študij, kjer so avtorji opisovali ortotično oskrbo patelarne tendinopatije. V šestih študijah so ugotovili, da patelarni trak zmanjšuje bolečino v kolenu. Poleg tega so ugotovili, da patelarni trak zmanjša nateg patelarnega ligamenta, reakcijsko silo podlage, notranjo rotacijo v kolku, addukcijo kolena in inverzijo gležnja, spremeni aktivacijo mišice vastus lateralis ter ne vpliva na parametre skakanja in propriocepcijo kolenskega sklepa. Poleg najpogosteje uporabljenega patelarnega traku smo zasledili še dvojni patelarni trak in kompleksnejšo kolensko ortozo. Razprava in zaključek: Uporaba patelarnega traku ima pozitiven vpliv na takojšnje zmanjšanje bolečine. O dolgoročnih učinkih patelarnega traku nismo našli primernih raziskav. Glede na spremembe biomehanike sklepamo, da ima uporaba patelarnega traku lahko pozitiven dolgoročni učinek. Glavne omejitve raziskav so bili majhni vzorci in vključitev le ene starostne skupine ali enega spola. Pri pregledu ortoz na trgu smo ugotovili, da obstajajo trije različni tipi ortoz, vendar se v študijah pojavlja le patelarni trak. Ugotovili smo, da je literatura na to temo zelo okrnjena in so za ugotavljanje dolgoročnih učinkov patelarnega traku potrebne dodatne raziskave.
Ključne besede
diplomska dela;ortotika in protetika;skakalno koleno;konservativno zdravljenje;patelarni traki;ortoze za koleno;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2020 |
Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[T. Zec] |
UDK: |
617.3 |
COBISS: |
38475523
|
Št. ogledov: |
561 |
Št. prenosov: |
188 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Orthotic treatment of patients with patellar tendinopathy |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Introduction: Patellar tendinopathy is an overuse injury, common in sports with many jumps such as basketball and volleyball. It occurs as a result of repeated overloading of the knee extension mechanism. The treatment of patellar tendinopathy is surgical or conservative (e.g. orthotic care). Although there is no established treatment protocol, based on the studies in this area, eccentric exercise is most often recommended. Purpose: The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis was to present the orthotic management of patients with patellar tendinopathy based on literature and an overview of the products available on the market. Methods: A literature search was performed using the databases PubMed and Google Scholar using the following search string: »(patelarna tendinopatija ALI skakalno koleno) IN (opornica ALI ortoza)« in Slovenian and »(patellar tendinopathy OR jumper's knee) AND (orthosis OR brace OR strap)« in English. A review of orthoses available on the market was conducted using the Google search engine, using a combination of keywords in Slovenian and English. Results: In our research paper we included 8 studies in which the authors described the orthotic management of patellar tendinopathy. In 6 of the studies they found that the use of a patellar strap relieves knee pain. Furthermore, they found that a patellar strap reduces patellar tendon strain, ground reaction force, hip internal rotation, knee adduction and ankle inversion, alters the activation of the vastus lateralis muscle, and does not affect jumping parameters and knee joint proprioception. In addition to the most commonly used patellar strap, we found a double patellar strap and a more complex knee orthosis. Discussion and conclusion: The use of a patellar strap has a positive effect on immediate reduction of knee pain. We have not found any suitable studies on long-term effects of a patellar strap. Due to the biomechanical changes, we assume that the use of a patellar strap could have positive long-term effects. The main limitations of the studies we included were small samples and the inclusion of only one age group or sex. When examining the existing orthoses, we found that there are three different types of orthoses available, but only the patellar strap was used in the studies. We found that the literature on this particular topic is very limited and that further research is needed to determine long-term effects of a patellar strap. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
diploma theses;orthotics and prosthetics;jumper's knee;conservative management;patellar straps;knee orthoses; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za protetiko |
Strani: |
21 str. |
ID: |
12174544 |