diplomsko delo
Povzetek
Uvod: UV sevanje je del elektromagnetnega sevanja, ki ga oddaja sonce. Pretirano izpostavljanje UV sevanju povzroči akutne in kronične škodljive učinke na koži, očeh in imunskem sistemu ter je glavni dejavnik za razvoj kožnega raka, ki v zadnjih desetletjih v svetu narašča. Namen: Opraviti pregled strokovne in znanstvene literature o vplivih UV sevanja na človeško telo in zdravje ter raziskati zdravstvenovzgojno vlogo medicinske sestre. Potrditi trditvi, da UV sevanje škoduje celicam organizma in povzroča kožnega raka. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom literature in metaanalizo. Časovni okvir pri iskanju literature je bil od leta 2015 do leta 2020. Literatura je bila iskana v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku, v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE, Google učenjak, DiKul, Science Direct. Rezultati: Keratinocitni rak (BCC in SCC) je najpogosteje prepoznana oblika kožnega raka. Glavno tveganje za nastanek je UV sevanje. Poleg tega UV sevanje povzroča staranje, spremembo imunskega odziva, vodi do okvare celic in v spremembe DNK. UV sevanje povečuje tveganje za razvoj melanoma. Melanom ima veliko moč metastaziranja, tudi v možgane. Medicinska sestra opozarja ljudi na ustrezno zaščito pred škodljivim UV sevanjem, svetuje uporabo krem z ustreznim zaščitnim faktorjem ter paciente uči samopregledovanja sprememb na koži in kožnih znamenj. Razprava in zaključek: Poznavanje dejavnikov tveganja pomembno vpliva na preprečevanje kožnega raka. Zaščitna vedenja pred soncem so dolgi rokavi, klobuk s širokim obodom, bivanje v senci, uporaba sončne kreme, odsvetovano je izpostavljanje soncu med 10.00 in 16.00. Zaščitni ukrepi zmanjšajo pojavnost kožnega raka. Potrebna je pozornost, ko na koži opazimo madež, pege ali srbeče mesto. Če gre za kožnega raka, sta ključnega pomena zgodnje prepoznavanje in zdravljenje.
Ključne besede
diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;ultravijolično sevanje;koža;kožni rak;sončne opekline;melanom;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2020 |
Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[J. Potisek] |
UDK: |
616-083 |
COBISS: |
39284483
|
Št. ogledov: |
475 |
Št. prenosov: |
112 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Harmful influence of ultraviolet radiation on body and human health and health educational work of nurse |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Introduction: UV radiation is a part of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun. Overexposure to UV radiation causes acute and chronic adverse effects on the skin, eyes and the immune system, and is the main factor for the development of skin cancer, which has been increasing in recent decades throughout the world. Purpose: To prepare a broader and scientific analytical review of scholarly literature on the effects of UV radiation on the human body and health, to explore the health education role of a nurse. To confirm the hypothesis that UV radiation harms the cells of the organism and causes skin cancer. Methods: In the diploma thesis, the descriptive method was used with a review of literature and meta-analysis. The time frame used in the literature search was from 2015 to 2020. The literature was searched in the Slovenian and English language in the CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, DiKul and Science Direct databases. Results: Cell carcinoma (BCC and SCC) is the most commonly diagnosed form of skin cancer. The main risk for its onset is UV radiation. Moreover, UV radiation causes ageing, changes in the immune response, leads to cell damage and to changes in DNA. UV radiation increases the chance of developing melanoma. Melanoma has a high rate of metastasis, even to the brain. The nurse warns people about adequate protection against harmful UV radiation, advises the use of creams with an appropriate protection factor, and teaches patients to self-examine skin changes and skin signs. Discussion and conclusion: Knowledge of risk factors significantly helps to prevent skin cancer. Sun-protective behaviour includes wearing long sleeves, wide-brim hats, staying in the shade, using sunscreen, and avoiding sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. These protective measures reduce the incidence of melanoma. We should pay attention to the emergence of blemishes, moles or itchy spots on our skin. In the case of skin cancer, early diagnosis and treatment are essential. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
diploma theses;nursing care;ultraviolet radiation;skin;skin cancer;sunburn;melanoma; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego |
Strani: |
32 str. |
ID: |
12189436 |