Maribor 1941

diplomsko delo

Stanislav Tašker (Avtor), Jerca Vodušek Starič (Mentor)

Povzetek

V začetku leta 1941 se je še večina Mariborčanov spraševala, ali se bo Jugoslavija lahko izognila neposredni vojni vihri in šla po poti Slovaške ali Madžarske. Tisti redki obveščeni so se na vojno pripravljali in čakali na trenutek, ko bodo lahko obračunali s svojimi narodnostnimi in političnimi nasprotniki. Zato so navadni ljudje dobro občutili stopnjevanje napetosti v narodnostno in politično ostro razdeljenemu mestu. Mariborski Nemci so bili že pred začetkom vojne v Jugoslaviji enotno organizirani po nacističnem vzoru, zato so imeli močno podporo iz rajha, natančneje iz bližnjega Štajerskega mesta, Gradca. Slovenci so bili razdeljeni na tri politične frakcije. Meščanski konservativni mnenjski voditelji z županom na čelu so imeli v skladu z državno zunanjo politiko pomiritveno funkcijo in so skušali miriti napetosti med obema skupnostma, komunistični voditelji so bili nemi opazovalci in samo naprednjaki so se prikrito in tudi odkrito upirali pohodu nacizma, tako da so se povezali z Britanskimi tajnimi agenti v državi. Neobveščeni Mariborčani so na Cvetno nedeljo, 6. aprila 1941 dobili odgovor na vprašanje o prihodnosti Kraljevine Jugoslavije. Predvojne napetosti so se v zelo kratkem času sprostile in uničile stari red. Ves napredek, ki ga je Slovenstvo doseglo v Mariboru v dobrih dvaindvajsetih letih, je bil v nekaj tednih uničen. Politično in vojaško oblast, gospodarstvo in kulturo so ponovno popolnoma prevzeli Nemci oz. Avstrijci. Vse predvojne politične meščanske veljake so izseljeni v druge dele nekdanje kraljevine, in tako sta ostali samo nacistična in komunistična organizacija. Nekaj mesecev po okupaciji so imeli Mariborčani boljšo oskrbo s hrano in z življenjskimi potrebščinami, vendar jih je kmalu ujela realnost totalne vojne. Nemci so hoteli uničiti tudi sam slovenski jezik in niso tolerirali niti najmanjšega upora, po drugi strani se je na poziv iz Moskve, sredi leta pričela komunistično organizirana vstaja proti okupatorju in vsemu meščanskemu. Zaradi tega dvostranskega bojevanja je bilo do konca leta 1941 samo v mestu Mariboru ustreljenih 134 slovenskih talcev, ubit ni bil niti en Nemec ali Avstrijec. Po zelo pomanjkljivih podatkih so partizanske enote na Slovenskem Štajerskem do konca leta 1941 ubile 19 Nemcev/Avstrijcev in njihovih slovenskih sodelavcev in pri tem same utrpele 22 mrtvih. To je žalostna statistika leta 1941 v Mariboru in okolici.

Ključne besede

zgodovina;Maribor;1941;okupacija;nacizem;klerikalci;naprednjaki;komunisti;koncentracijska taborišča;izgnanci;partizani;diplomska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2013
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FF - Filozofska fakulteta
Založnik:	[S. Tašker]
UDK:	93/94(043.2)
COBISS:	19875080
Št. ogledov:	373
Št. prenosov:	46
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni naslov:	MARIBOR 1941
Sekundarni povzetek:	In the beginning of the year 1941 most citizens of Maribor were wondering if the Yugoslav monarchy will be capable of avoiding the full force of the World War II, and go down the same road as Slovakia and Hungary. But those few who knew what was coming were preparing themselves for the moment when they will be able to settle the score with their national or political rivals. That is why ordinary people felt the steadily increase in tension in this nationally and politically strictly divided city. The German minority population was being unified and organized by Nazi rules and that is why they got so much support from the Reich, particularly from the nearby city of Graz in Styria. On the other hand the Slovene majority population was divided into three politically opposite fractions. The conservative majority of city politicians, including the city's mayor, in co-ordinance with the monarchy's foreign policy of appeasement, were trying to mediate the tensions between the two communities, the communist leaders were just mute and observant hence only the liberals stood up against the march of Nazism, and allied themselves with the British secret agents. The uninformed population of Maribor had their answer about the future of the monarchy on Palm Sunday, April 6th 1941. The pre-war tensions were unleashed in an instant and destroyed the old order. All of the progress the Slovene population of Maribor had made in the last twenty-two years was destroyed in just a couple of weeks. The Germans and Austrians took over the military and political power and ruled once more the economy and culture. All of the cities pre-war political elite were exiled into other parts of the former monarchy and so only the national socialist and communist organizations remained. The remaining population enjoyed a couple of months of an abundance of food and necessities, but the reality of total war caught up with them shortly after. The Germans wanted to wipe out the Slovene language and did not tolerate even the slightest resistance and on the other hand the communists began in the middle of the year on the call from Moscow, a peoples uprising against the German occupation and everything western democracies had to offer. Because of this two-sided fighting, there were 134 Slovene hostages shot in the year of 1941 in the city of Maribor alone, and yet there was not but a single German or Austrian killed in the city. According to very incomplete data communist partisan units killed 19 Germans/Austrians and their Slovenian accomplices in whole Slovene Styria, and had 22 dead themselves. This is the sad statistic of the year 1941 in Maribor and its surroundings.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	history;Maribor;1941;occupation;Nazism;clericalists;progressives;communists;concentration camp;exiles;partisans.;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Filozofska fak., Oddelek za zgodovino
Strani:	X, 88 f.
ID:	12522252