Postopek javnega naročanja in omejevanje konkurence s prikrojevanjem ponudb

magistrsko delo

Domen Vovko (Avtor), Rajko Pirnat (Mentor), Katja Štemberger (Komentor)

Povzetek

V magistrski nalogi z naslovom Postopek javnega naročanja in omejevanje konkurence s prikrojevanjem ponudb, je predstavljena problematika sklepanja omejevalnih sporazumov med ponudniki na javnih razpisih. Naročniki, ki so zavezani voditi postopke javnega naročanja, morajo, zaradi uresničevanja načela zagotavljanja konkurence in gospodarnosti, iz postopka izločiti vse nesamostojne ponudbe, ki so plod nedopustnega dogovarjanja med ponudniki. S sporazumi le-ti izključijo medsebojno tekmovanje in se vnaprej dogovorijo, kdo izmed njih bo najuspešnejši na razpisu, ter kolikšna bo cena v zmagovalni ponudbi. Slednje ima za posledico višje cene, znižuje se kvaliteta predmetov javnega naročanja, hkrati pa se zavira tehnološki razvoj. Take vrste sporazumov imenujemo prikrojevanje ponudb, ali s tujko bid rigging, za njegovo odkrivanje in sankcioniranje pa je pristojna Javna agencija Republike Slovenije za varstvo konkurence (v nadaljevanju: Agencija). Za uspešno odkrivanje prikrojenih ponudb mora naročnik poznati značilnosti panoge, analizirati trg, hraniti dokumente preteklih razpisov in konkretno vsebinsko preučiti predložene ponudbe, da uspešno prepozna indice. Potrebno je močno sodelovanje med naročniki in Agencijo, da se zagotovi pretok informacij, na podlagi katerih se, primarno, ponudbo izloči iz konkretnega postopka, sekundarno, pa izvede prekrškovni postopek pred Agencijo, ki odkrije morebitni omejevalni sporazum, ter udeležena podjetja in odgovorne ustrezno sankcionira. V nalogi je bila predstavljena kritika prakse Upravnega sodišča Republike Slovenije (v nadaljevanju: Upravno sodišče) in Državne revizijske komisije (v nadaljevanju: DKOM) glede presojanja omejevalnih sporazumov po cilju ali po učinku, ki nalaga Agenciji in naročnikom breme presojanja učinkov sporazumov na konkurenco, dasiravno je praksa Sodišča EU jasna glede dejstva, da je za primere prikrojevanja ponudb že po naravi kršitve izkazana zadostna stopnja škodljivosti za konkurenco na določenem trgu. Zagotovo pa velja, da mora naročnik ponudniku omogočiti, da se izjavi in predloži dokaze o neodvisnosti in zanesljivosti ter ustrezno utemeljiti odločitev o nedopustnosti ponudbe.

Ključne besede

javno naročanje;naročnik;ponudnik;prikrojevanje ponudb;omejevanje konkurence po cilju ali učinku;magistrske diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2021
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UL PF - Pravna fakulteta
Založnik:	[D. Vovko]
UDK:	351.712(043.2)
COBISS:	59902467
Št. ogledov:	531
Št. prenosov:	152
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Public procurement procedure and restriction of competition by bid rigging
Sekundarni povzetek:	In the master's thesis entitled Public procurement procedure and restriction of competition by bid rigging, the issue of concluding restrictive agreements between tenderers in public tenders is presented. Contracting entities which are obligated to conduct public procurement procedures must, in order to implement the principle of ensuring fair competition and economy, exclude from the procedure all non-independent offers which are the result of inadmissible collusion between tenderers. With the agreements, they exclude mutual competition and agree in advance which of them will be the most successful, and what the price will be in the winning tender. The latter results in higher prices, a decreasing quality of public procurement objects, and at the same time inhibits technological development. Such types of agreements are called bid rigging, or prikrojevanje ponudb in Slovenian, and the Public Agency of the Republic of Slovenia for the protection of competition is responsible for its detection and sanctioning. In order to successfully discover bid rigging, the contracting entities must know the characteristics of the branch, analyze the market, preserve documents from previous tenders and concretely examine the content of the submitted offers, in order to successfully identify clues. Strong cooperation between contracting authorities and the Agency is needed to ensure the flow of information, based on which, primarily, the tender is excluded from the specific procedure, and secondarily, a misdemeanor procedure is conducted before the Agency, which detects a possible restrictive agreement, and sanctions the involved companies and person responsible. The paper presented a critique of the case law of the Administrative Court and DKOM regarding the assessment of restrictive agreements by objective or effect, which imposes on the Agency and contracting authorities the burden of assessing the effects of agreements on competition. The case law of the Court of Justice of the EU is clear, that for the cases of bid rigging, the nature of the infringement demonstrates a sufficient degree of harmfulness to competition in a given market. It is certainly true, however, that the contracting authority must allow the tenderer to declare and provide evidence of independence and reliability, and duly justify the decision on the inadmissibility of the tender.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	public procurement;contracting authority;tenderer;bid rigging;restriction of competition by object or effect;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Študijski program:	0
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Pravna fak.
Strani:	59 f.
ID:	12684763