magistrsko delo
Povzetek
Nasilje staršev nad otroki predstavlja vsesplošen družbeni problem. Zasebnost družin je
zaščitena, zato je poseganje države v družino zelo omejeno. Zaradi vloge, ki jo ima šola
v življenju vsake družine, je njena dolžnost, da prevzame del vloge pri preprečevanju in
obravnavanju družinskega nasilja. Za uspešno spopadanje z omenjenim problemom
morajo vzgojno-izobraževalni zavodi zagotoviti jasen sistem pomoči otroku, ki doživlja
nasilje v družini, učiteljem pa ustrezno znanje na tem področju. Tako bo ustvarjen občutek
varnosti tako za otroka, žrtev nasilja, kot tudi za pedagoškega delavca.
V magistrskem delu smo raziskali, kako se učitelji razrednega pouka soočajo z nasiljem
staršev nad otroki, kakšno je njihovo znanje na omenjenem področju, kateri dejavniki jih
spodbujajo ali odvračajo k sprožitvi prijave suma družinskega nasilja staršev nad otroki
ter kakšno toleranco imajo do uporabe fizičnega in psihičnega nasilja kot sredstva za
vzgojo otrok. Raziskali smo tudi pojavnost nasilja staršev nad otroki znotraj vzgojnoizobraževalnih
zavodov v šolskem letu 2019/20. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 150 učiteljev
razrednega pouka, ki so poučevali v šolskem letu 2019/20. Podatke smo zbirali tri mesece
s pomočjo spletnega vprašalnika.
Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so učitelji razrednega pouka seznanjeni s postopkom
prijave in obravnave suma družinskega nasilja staršev nad otroki, medtem ko je njihovo
poznavanje vsebin Pravilnika o obravnavi nasilja v družini za vzgojno-izobraževalne
zavode (2010) ter Priročnika za zaposlene v vzgojno-izobraževalnih zavodih:
obravnavanje nasilja v družini (Filipčič in Klemenčič, 2011) večinsko zelo pomanjkljivo.
Čeprav je obravnava družinskega nasilja staršev nad otroki znotraj vzgojnoizobraževalnega
sistema timsko delo, menimo, da bi na področju poznavanja vsebin iz
Pravilnika in Priročnika učitelji razrednega pouka potrebovali dodatna izobraževanja.
Učitelje v največji meri k prijavi zaznanega suma nasilja opogumlja: želja po pomoči
učencu, načela šole in predhodne pozitivne izkušnje s prijavo, odvrača pa: prepričanje,
da se bo s prijavo suma družinskega nasilja učencu povzročilo več škode kot koristi, dvom
o resničnosti nasilja in skrb za lastno varnost, varnost svoje družine. Dopustnost uporabe
fizičnega nasilja (klofuta, udarec s predmetom, udarec po prstih) kot vzgojne metode
učitelji razrednega pouka ocenjujejo glede na intenzivnost dejanja, ne pa na obliko,
denimo enkratno klofuto brez vidnih posledic so ocenili za manj nasilno kot večkratne
klofute z vidno posledico (modrica na licu). Dopustnost uporabe psihičnega nasilja
(grožnje, zapiranje otroka v sobo, prepoved obiskovanja obšolskih dejavnosti) kot vzgojne
metode pa učitelji razrednega pouka v največji meri ocenjujejo kot nenasilne oziroma
manj nasilne vzgojne metode za razliko od besednega poniževanja, ki so ga označili kot
pogosto ali vedno nasilno vzgojno metodo. Glede na pridobljene podatke lahko sklepamo,
da učitelji razrednega pouka bodisi ne znajo prepoznati psihičnega nasilja v konkretnih
primerih bodisi ga ocenjujejo kot blažjo obliko nasilja staršev nad otroki. Pridobljeni
podatki kažejo, da je pri učiteljih razrednega pouka prepoznavanje psihičnega nasilja
iv
staršev nad otroki manj učinkovito kot prepoznavanje fizičnega nasilja. Kot sum nasilja
staršev nad otroki so učitelji razrednega pouka v šolskem letu 2019/2020 največkrat
zaznali zanemarjanje, sledi psihično nasilje, fizično nasilje, ekonomsko nasilje in spolno
nasilje. V šolskem letu 2019/20 pa so učitelji razrednega pouka največkrat prijavili sum
zanemarjanja kot obliko nasilja staršev nad otroki, sledi fizično nasilje, psihično nasilje,
ekonomsko nasilje, na zadnjem mestu pa je spolno nasilje.
Ugotovitev raziskave ne moremo posplošiti na celotno populacijo, menimo pa, da izsledki
raziskave ustrezno prikazujejo stanje na raziskanem področju in predstavljajo dobra
izhodišča za nadaljnja raziskovanja.
Ključne besede
nasilje strašev nad otroki;nasilje v družini;otrok žrtev;starš nasilnež;učitelj razrednega pouka;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2021 |
Tipologija: |
2.09 - Magistrsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[K. Štular] |
UDK: |
37.011.3-051:364.632(043.2) |
COBISS: |
57138435
|
Št. ogledov: |
246 |
Št. prenosov: |
30 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Primary teachers' treatment of parental violence against children |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Parental violence against children is a universal social problem. The privacy of families is
protected, so state interference in the family is very limited. However, because of the role
that the school plays in the life of every family, it is its duty to take part in preventing and
addressing domestic violence. To successfully deal with this problem, the educational
institutions must provide a clear system of assistance to a child experiencing domestic
violence, and appropriate knowledge in this area must be provided to the teachers. This
will create a sense of security for the child, the victim of violence, as well as for the
educational staff.
In this master's thesis, we investigated how primary school teachers deal with parental
violence against children, what their knowledge in this area is, what factors encourage or
discourage them from reporting suspected domestic violence against a child, and what
tolerance they have towards the use of physical and psychological violence as a means
of raising children. Finally, we also investigated the incidence of parental violence against
children within educational institutions in the 2019/20 school year. The study involved 150
primary school teachers who taught in the 2019/20 school year. Data were collected for
3 months using an online questionnaire.
The results of the research showed that primary school teachers are familiar with the
process of reporting and dealing with suspected parental domestic violence against
children, while their knowledge of the content of the Rules on the treatment of domestic
violence for educational institutions (2010) and the Manual for employees in educational
institutions: dealing with domestic violence (Filipčič and Klemenčič, 2011) is mostly very
deficient. Although the treatment of domestic violence within the educational system is a
team effort, we believe that primary school teachers would need further training in this
field. Primary school teachers are most encouraged to report perceived suspicions of
violence by the desire to help the pupil, the school’s principles, and previous positive
experiences with reporting, but are discouraged by the belief that reporting suspected
domestic violence will do more harm than good, by the doubt of the reality of violence,
and by concern for their own safety and the safety of their family. Primary school teachers
assess the permissibility of using physical violence (slapping, hitting with an object, wrist
slap) as an educational method according to the intensity of the act and not on the form.
However, they assess the permissibility of using psychological violence (threats, locking
the child in the room, banning extracurricular activities) as educational methods as nonviolent
or less violent educational methods, in contrast to verbal humiliation, which they
describe as a frequent or always violent method. Based on the obtained data, we can
conclude that primary school teachers either do not know how to recognize psychological
violence in specific cases or assess it as a milder form of parental violence against
children. The data obtained show that recognizing the psychological violence of parents
against children is less effective for primary school teachers than recognizing physical
vi
violence. As suspected domestic violence against children, primary school teachers in
the 2019/2020 school year most often perceived neglect as a form of parental violence
against children, followed by psychological violence, physical violence, economic
violence, and sexual violence. In the 2019/20 school year, primary school teachers most
often reported neglect as a form of parental violence against children, followed by physical
violence, psychological violence, economic violence, and last but not least, sexual
violence.
The results of the research cannot be applied to the entire population, but we believe that
the findings adequately reflect the situation in this research area and represent good
starting points for further research. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
violence;parents;child;nasilje;starši;otrok; |
Vrsta datoteke: |
application/pdf |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Magistrsko delo/naloga |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Poučevanje, Poučevanje na razredni stopnji z angleščino |
Strani: |
XI, 70 str. |
ID: |
12692537 |