Vključevanje delovnega terapevta v vrtčevsko okolje

diplomsko delo

Veronika Tome (Avtor), Nevenka Gričar (Recenzent), Lea Šuc (Mentor)

Povzetek

Uvod: Število otrok z zaostankom v razvoju, vključenih v redne oddelke vrtca, tako v Sloveniji kot v tujini narašča. Razvojne ambulante, ki nudijo pomoč otrokom z zaostankom v razvoju, otrokom omogočajo individualno obravnavo v ambulantnem okolju, ki je otroku tuje. Otrokom lahko z delovnoterapevtsko obravnavo v vrtčevskem okolju, kjer otrok preživlja čas s sovrstniki, omogočimo boljše možnosti za napredovanje v razvoju, hkrati pa ima delovni terapevt tudi boljši vpogled v otrokovo funkcioniranje v življenjskih aktivnostih, interakcijo z vrstniki in njegov razvoj igre. Namen: Raziskali smo, kako delovnoterapevtska obravnava v vrtčevskem okolju pripomore k otrokovemu razvoju. Zanimal nas je tudi njen vpliv na otrokovo ožje in širše okolje, na starše in vzgojitelje otrok ter na otrokovo pripravljenost za šolo. Raziskali smo, katere modele, pristope in strategije uporablja delovni terapevt pri obravnavi predšolskega otroka v vrtcu. Metode dela: Opravljen je bil sistematični pregled literature. Članke za pregled literature smo iskali s pomočjo DiKul v podatkovnih bazah Web of Science, Taylor&Francis Online, OT Seeker in Crossref. Zadetke, ki smo jih dobili v podatkovnih bazah, smo ožili po PRISMA metodi, preko katere smo dobili članke, ki smo jih vključili v končno analizo. Rezultati: V končno analizo smo vključili 10 raziskav. Delovnoterapevtska obravnava v vrtcu pozitivno vpliva na razvoj spretnosti pri otrocih z razvojnim zaostankom in pri otrocih z normalnim razvojem, na otrokovo pripravljenost na šolo, na vrstnike, vzgojitelje in starše. Prav tako delovnemu terapevtu omogoča boljši vpogled v otrokove zmožnosti, spretnosti in potrebe, da le-ta lahko načrtuje učinkovito in uspešno obravnavo. Tveganja za zaostanek v razvoju niso pogojena le z diagnozami, ampak lahko na otrokov razvoj vpliva tudi ekonomski standard družine in družinska klima. Razprava in zaključek: Možnost delovnoterapevtske obravnave v vrtcu lahko otrokom omogoči boljši in hitrejši razvoj, boljšo pripravljenost na šolo in vključenost z vrstniki. Delovni terapevt lahko izobražuje vzgojitelje o strategijah dela z otroki s posebnimi potrebami oziroma razvojnimi ali drugimi primanjkljaji in o prilagoditvi prostora in pripomočkov. Z možnostjo delovnoterapevtske obravnave, ponujene v vrtcu v dopoldanskem času, razbremenjuje otrokove starše, da je popoldanski čas namenjen prosti igri in preživljanju družinskega skupnega časa in ne le konstantni vožnji na obravnave in druge preglede.

Ključne besede

diplomska dela;delovna terapija;vrtec;predšolski otrok;zgodnja obravnava;inkluzija;pripravljenost na šolo;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2021
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
Založnik:	[V. Tome]
UDK:	615.851
COBISS:	78323459
Št. ogledov:	341
Št. prenosov:	96
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Occupational therapy integrated in preschool
Sekundarni povzetek:	Introduction: The number of children with special needs, which are included in regular preschool programs in Slovenia and around the world, is increasing. Development clinics, which help children with special needs, enable individual treatment to children in an unknown environment. We can enable better chances of developmental progress with an occupational therapeutic treatment in preschool environment, which is well-known to children. Preschool environment also enables us to have a better insight into their everyday functioning, interaction with other children and their play development. Purpose: Our main purpose was to research, how occupational therapeutic treatment in preschool can contribute to children's development. We wanted to see, how it affects children's close and extended environment, their parents, preschool teachers and school readiness. We also researched, which models, approaches and strategies are used by an occupational therapist while treating preschool children. Methods: The thesis is based on a systematic literature review. The literature review was conducted in the DiKul database, which included Web of Science, Taylor&Francis Online, OT Seeker and Crossref databases. We narrowed the search results based on the PRISMA method. Results: There were 10 research papers included in the final analysis of this paper. Occupational-therapeutic intervention in preschool impacts the development of several skills in children with and without developmental obstacles, it also has a positive impact on children's school readiness, their peers, preschool teachers and parents. It enables the occupational therapist to have a better insight into children's abilities, skills and needs, so they can plan a more effective and successful intervention. Risks in development deviation are not conditioned only by medical diagnoses, but can also be affected by family economic standard and family climate. Discussion and conclusion: The opportunity of occupational therapeutic treatment in preschool can enable better and faster development, school readiness and inclusion among their peers for children. Occupational therapist can educate preschool teachers about strategies of working with children with special needs and children with developmental or other deficits and they can give suggestions about adjusting the environment and materials in preschool. They can also relieve the children's parents by enabling occupational therapeutic treatment in the morning, so that parents and their children can dedicate their afternoons to playing and spending time with their family, not to constant driving to treatments and other examinations.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	diploma theses;occupational therapy;preschool;preschool children;early intervention;inclusion;school readiness;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program:	0
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za delovno terapijo
Strani:	35 str., [19] str. pril.
ID:	13576481