diplomsko delo
Povzetek
Uvod: Nekrotizirajoči enterokolitis je kritično zdravstveno stanje, ki se v večini primerov
pojavi pri nedonošenčkih. Je najpogostejša in najbolj smrtonosna bolezen
gastrointestinalnega trakta pri nedonošenčkih. Razdelimo ga v pet faz s pomočjo
modificirane Bellove lestvice. Simptomi in znaki zajemajo napet trebuh, krvavo blato,
neprenašanje hrane, bradikardijo, apnejo, termolabilnost, ileus in prost zrak v želodcu in
črevesju. Namen: V diplomskem delu želimo predstaviti nekrotizirajoči enterokolitis,
opisati specifiko obravnave novorojenčkov z nekrotizirajočim enterokolitisom, predstaviti
znanje, ki ga medicinska sestra potrebuje za optimalno zdravstveno nego novorojenčka z
nekrotizirajočim enterokolitisom in predstaviti ugotovitve publikacij, ki so raziskovale
preventivne ukrepe in dejavnike tveganja za nekrotizirajoči enterokolitis. Metode dela:
Uporabljen je bil deskriptivni raziskovalni pristop s pregledom domače in tuje literature v
slovenščini in v angleščini. Literatura je bila iskana v podatkovnih bazah Medline, Cinahl,
DiKul, Pubmed in v spletnih portalih Google učenjak v času od februarja 2021 do
novembra 2021. Uporabili smo 20 enot literature, na spletu dostopne članom Univerze v
Ljubljani. Rezultati: Medicinske sestre morajo biti seznanjene z gastrointestinalnimi in
sistemskimi znaki, preventivnim ukrepanjem in dejavniki tveganja za nekrotizirajoči
enterokolitis. Večina raziskovalcev priznava nedonošenost in hranjenje z mlečno formulo
kot dejavnike tveganja in preventivne strategije, kot so hranjenje izključno z materinim
mlekom in uporabo standardiziranih načinov hranjenja. Nasprotujoča mnenja prevladujejo
v povezavi z uporabo probiotikov in antibiotikov in aplikacijo transfuzije eritrocitov.
Razprava in zaključek: Med preventivne ukrepe proti nekrotizirajočemu enterokolitisu
uvrščamo hranjenje z materinim mlekom in uporabo standardiziranih režimov hranjenja,
dejavniki tveganja pa predstavljajo nedonošenost, hranjenje z mlečno formulo.
Nasprotujoča mnenja raziskovalcev se pojavijo na obeh področjih. Nekateri poudarijo tudi
pomen komunikacije v interdisciplinarnem timu za zgodnje odkrivanje in zdravljenje
nekrotizirajočega enterokolitisa. Nove raziskave potekajo na področju uporabe
probiotikov, antenatalnih steroidov, imunoglobulinov in rastnih dejavnikov. Nekateri
raziskovalci se osredotočajo tudi na posodobitev Bellove lestvice.
Ključne besede
diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;nekrotizirajoči enterokolitis;vloga medicinske sestre;dejavniki tveganja;preventivno ukrepanje;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2022 |
Tipologija: |
2.11 - Diplomsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[T. Tomšič] |
UDK: |
616-083 |
COBISS: |
100675843
|
Št. ogledov: |
363 |
Št. prenosov: |
70 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Newborn infant with necrotizing enterocolitis |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Introduction: Necrotizing enterocolitis is a critical health status, which mostly occurs in
premature infants. It is recognized as the most common and deadly gastrointestinal disease
in preterm infants. Necrotizing enterocolitis can be divided in five stages of the disease
according to modified Bell staging criteria. Symptoms and signs include abdominal
distention, bloody stool, food intolerance, bradycardia, apnea, temperature instability, signs
of ileus and free gas in the abdomen and intestine. Purpose: The purpose is to present
necrotizing enterocolitis and its treatment, to present knowledge, necessary for nurses
taking care for newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis and to present findings of published
articles, researching reventive strategies and risk factors of necrotizing enterocolitis.
Methods: A descriptive research approach was used to review literature written in Slovene
and English. Literature was searched by Medline, Cinahl, Dikul, Pubmed and Google
Schoolar from February 2021 to November 2021. We used 20 units of literature, fully
available online to members of University Ljubljana. Results: Nurses need to be aware of
gastrointestinal and systemic signs, preventive strategies and risk factors regarding
necrotising enterocolitis. Most researchers consider immaturity and formula feeding as risk
factors and breast milk feeding and use of standardized feeding regimens as preventice
strategies. However researchers dissagree on some risk factors and preventive strategies
such as use of probiotics, antibiotics and red blood cell transfusion. Discussion and
conclusion: Preventive strategies against necrotizing enterocolitis include breast milk
feeding and implementation of standardised feeding regimens, however scientist have
different opinions regarding use of probiotics. Risk factors include prematurity and
formula feeding. Scientist have yet again contradictive views about red blood cell
transfusion, maternal smoking, advancment of enteral feeding and congenital heart
diseases. Some also emphasize the meaning of communication in interdisciplinary team for
early recognition and treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis. New studies are centred
towards the use of probiotics, antenetal steroids, immunoglobulin and growth factors as
preventive strategies. Some also give consideration to modifying Bell staging criteria or
even replacing it. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
diploma theses;nursing care;necrotizing enterocolitis;nursing role;risk factors;prevention; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Diplomsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): |
1970-01-01 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego |
Strani: |
45 str. |
ID: |
14728244 |