diplomsko delo
Kaja Pikec (Avtor), Aljoša Lapanja (Recenzent), Martina Bizjak (Mentor), Tina Kamenšek (Komentor)

Povzetek

Uvod: Spolna zloraba velja za velik svetovni problem in tabu temo. V Evropi je vsako leto 18 milijonov otrok žrtev spolne zlorabe. Storilci so v veliki večini sorodniki ali bližnje osebe žrtve. Prepoznava spolne zlorabe je težavna, posledice pa so hude in dolgotrajne. Namen: Predstaviti želimo spolno zlorabo otrok, vpliv spolne zlorabe na duševno zdravje, njene posledice, vlogo medicinske sestre in oblike pomoči za žrtve. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela, s pregledom strokovne in znanstvene literature. Iskanje je potekalo prek portala DiKUL v podatkovnih bazah Medline, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Wiley Online Library in Cochrane Library, v obdobju od decembra 2020 do oktobra 2021. Za identifikacijo literature smo uporabili tudi operaterja AND in OR: spolna zloraba otrok in duševno zdravje, zdravstvena nega in obravnava spolne zlorabe, storilci in spolna zloraba, kratkoročne ali dolgoročne posledice spolne zlorabe otrok. Rezultati: Pri pregledu literature smo ugotovili, da se posledice spolne zlorabe deli na psihične, telesne, psihosomatske, vedenjske in dolgoročne. Prikazali smo obravnavo žrtve spolne zlorabe v zdravstvenih ustanovah ter pomoč žrtvam v obliki različnih organizacij in programov. Najbolj učinkovita pomoč po spolni zlorabi je intervencija kognitivno-vedenjske terapije, usmerjene k travmi. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati so prikazali tri najpogostejše posledice spolne zlorabe, in sicer tvegan življenjski slog (uporaba drog, alkohola in tvegani spolni odnosi), posttravmatski stresni sindrom in psihološke stiske (depresija, anksioznost, shizofrenija, samomorilne misli). Dokazano je bilo tudi nazadovanje kognitivnih sposobnosti (spomin, pozornost in jezik) zaradi epigenetskih sprememb v možganih. Vidne posledice so bile tudi še v odrasli dobi, in sicer pri odnosih (partnerskih, družinskih), na ginekološkem področju, telesnem zdravju – kronična bolečina ter pri starševstvu in v perinatalnem obdobju. Težave so se pojavljale tudi v zdravstvu zaradi pomanjkanja znanja na tem področju. Žrtve so poudarile pomembnost neposrednega vprašanja o zlorabi. V prihodnosti bi bilo treba nameniti več pozornosti izobraževanju o spolni zlorabi tako za zdravstvene delavce kot tudi za širšo javnost.

Ključne besede

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;zloraba;zdravje otrok;posledice;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija: UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
Založnik: [K. Pikec]
UDK: 616-083
COBISS: 106942467 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 213
Št. prenosov: 72
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: ǂThe ǂimpact of child sexual abuse on mental health
Sekundarni povzetek: Introduction: Sexual abuse is considered a major global problem and a taboo subject. In Europe, 18 million children are sexually abused every year. The perpetrators are, for the most part, relatives or close family members of the victim. Recognising sexual abuse is difficult and the consequences are severe and long-lasting. Purpose: We want to present child sexual abuse, the impact of sexual abuse on mental health, its consequences, the role of the nurse and forms of support for victims. Methods: A descriptive method was used, with a review of the professional and scientific literature. The search was conducted through the DiKUL portal in Medline, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Wiley Online Library and Cochrane Library, between December 2020 and October 2021. We also used the AND and OR operator to identify literature: child sexual abuse and mental health, care and treatment of sexual abuse, perpetrators and sexual abuse, short- or long-term consequences of child sexual abuse. Results: Our literature review found that the consequences of sexual abuse are divided into psychological, physical, psychosomatic, behavioural and long-term. We have shown how victims of sexual abuse are treated in healthcare settings and how victims are helped by different organisations and programmes. The most effective help after sexual abuse is a trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed three most common consequences of sexual abuse, namely risky lifestyle (drug and alcohol use and risky sex), post-traumatic stress disorder and psychological distress (depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, suicidal thoughts). Cognitive decline (memory, attention and language) has also been shown to be caused by epigenetic changes in the brain. There were also visible consequences in adulthood, namely in relationships (partner, family), in the gynecological field, physical health-chronic pain, and in parenting and perinatal period. There have also been problems in the healthcare due to a lack of knowledge in this area. Victims stressed the importance of directly asking about abuse. In the future, more attention should be paid to education on sexual abuse, both for health professionals and the general public.
Sekundarne ključne besede: diploma theses;nursing care;abuse;children's health;consequences;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program: 0
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Strani: 32 str.
ID: 15238200