Ekološka kriminaliteta in trgovina z lesom

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

Sara Korpič (Avtor), Bojan Dobovšek (Mentor)

Povzetek

»Onesnaženost okolja in naravne nesreče, kot njegove delne posledice, predstavljajo enega najbolj pomembnih in zaskrbljujočih varnostnih problemov sodobne družbe. Ljudje so onesnaževanje sprejeli kot neprijetno dejstvo v življenju, glede katerega lahko naredijo bore malo ali nič« (Hanningan, 1995:1), kar pa pravzaprav ne drži. Ravno mi smo tisti, ki lahko preprečimo izčrpanost ekosistemov. Pod pojmom ekološka kriminaliteta se največkrat razume nelegalno kriminaliteto težke industrije in multinacionalnih korporacij, v klasičnih oblikah kriminalitete pa kot tihotapljenje živali in rastlin .Ta vrsta kriminalitete po navadi deluje v mejah zakonitega in tudi, ko to mejo prestopi, je to težko dokazati. Tako v svetu kot tudi v Sloveniji se srečujemo s številnimi definicijami pojma ekološka kriminaliteta, nekoliko manj pa smo seznanjeni s tem, kako se v ekološko kriminaliteto vključujejo organizirane kriminalne skupine. Velik problem te kriminalitete predstavljajo tudi številne žrtve, ki so zaradi dolgoročnih posledic pogosto dolgo časa neopazne. Nezakonita sečnja je pojav v svetu, ki škodi okolju, zmanjšuje biotske raznovrstnosti, zmanjšuje konkurenčnost zakonitih gozdarskih dejavnosti, povečuje letne emisije ogljikovega dioksida ter je tesno povezana s korupcijo, organiziranim kriminalom in nasilnimi konflikti. Posledično se nelegalna trgovina z lesom pojavlja kot odgovor na neučinkovito delo vladnih organizacij pri poskusu omejevanja ekološke kriminalitete. To je najbolj opazno predvsem v državah v razvoju kjer so mehanizmi za preprečevanje slabi in premalo upoštevani. V diplomski nalogi bi rada odgovorila na problem in vprašanja, ki sem jih zastavila, in ta so: ali je organizirana ekološka kriminaliteta dobro definirana v svetu in v Sloveniji; ali lahko razlog za razvoj ekološke kriminalitete do te stopnje iščemo predvsem v neozaveščenosti ljudi in ohlapnosti zakonov; kakšne so posledice nezakonite sečnje ter kakšni so dobički le-te, prikazala pa bi rada tudi povezavo med organiziranim kriminalom in trgovino z lesom..Navedla sem tudi zakone, ki urejajo področje ekološke kriminalitete in trgovine z lesom tako v Evropski uniji kot tudi v Sloveniji.

Ključne besede

ekološka kriminaliteta;trgovina z lesom;gozdovi;drevesa;sečnja;nezakonita sečnja;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2012
Izvor:	[Ljubljana
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	S. Korpič]
UDK:	630*31+343.3/.7:504
COBISS:	2493930
Št. ogledov:	2184
Št. prenosov:	265
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni povzetek:	Environmental pollution and natural disasters, as its partial consequences represent one of the most important and troubling security problems of modern society. People accepted pollution as an unconvenian fact in life on which they can do very little or nothing (Hanningan, 1995:1) but that is not actually true. In fact, we are the one who can prevent the exhaustion of the ecosystems. Environmental crime is mostly understood as illegal criminality of heavy industry and multinational corporations, but in traditional forms of crime is understood as animal and plant smugging. This type of criminality usually works in boundaries of the legal and also when this boundary is crossed, this is difficult to prove. In the world as well as in Slovenia we are faced with a number of definitions of environmental crime but we do not know how is an organized criminal group involved in environmental crime. A major problem of this crime are also a number of victims who are mostly undetected because of the long-lashing consequences. Illegal logging is having a devastating impact on the world's forests. Its effects include deforestation, the loss of biodiversity, fuelling climate changes and it is closely connected with corruption, organised crime and violent conflicts. As a result, illegal trade in timber occurs as response of the unsuccesful work of the government organizations who are trying to restrict ecological criminality. This is mostly seen in developing countries, where the mechanisms for crime prevention are bed and less accepted. In my thesis I would like to answer some questions and problem: is organised ecologic criminality good defined in Slovenia and in the world. Can the respon for the development of the ecological criminality be searched in people low awareness and bad low. Which are the consequences of the illegal logging and which are the profits. I would like to show the connection between the organised criminal and wood trading. I also presented the laws, which work in the field of the ecological criminality and wood trading as in European union as in Slovenia.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	50 str.
Ključne besede (UDK):	applied sciences;medicine;technology;uporabne znanosti;medicina;tehnika;agriculture and related sciences and techniques;forestry;farming;wildlife exploitation;kmetijstvo ter sorodne vede in tehnologije;forestry;gozdarstvo;work science (work studies) in forestry;harvesting of wood: logging and transport;forest engineering;študij dela v gozdarstvu;sečnja in prevoz lesa;gozdarsko inženirstvo;social sciences;družbene vede;law;jurisprudence;pravo;pravoznanstvo;criminal law;penal offences;kazensko pravo;kazniva dejanja;offences against the state;particular offences;specific punishable acts;posamezna kazniva dejanja;posebni del kazenskega prava;mathematics;natural sciences;naravoslovne vede;matematika;threats to the environment;ogrožanje okolja;
ID:	15260