Mafija - zgodovina in razvoj

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

Sara Urbanija (Avtor), Bojan Dobovšek (Mentor)

Povzetek

Štiri mafijske združbe, ki delujejo že stoletja izvirajo iz Italije. V Neaplju se je izoblikovala Camorra, v Kalabriji 'Ndrangheta, v Apuliji Sacra corona unita in na Siciliji Cosa nostra. Italijanske mafijske združbe so začele razvijati na jugu Italije in se širile v Ameriko, Evropo, na Japonsko, Kitajsko, v Rusijo... Vsaka združba je razvila svoje običaje in obrede, ki so se ohranili do današnjih dni. V vsakdanjem življenju so se mafijske družine srečevale z različnimi običaji. Ženske se niso smele včlaniti v mafijsko združbo, ta je namenjena samo »pravim« možem oziroma izbrancem. Ženske v mafijski družini predstavljajo razmnoževalno funkcijo. V mafijski družini so člani dolžni spoštovati zakon molka Omertá in tako člani postanejo »možje časti«. Vsako kršenje zakona Omertá se kaznuje, saj to pomeni kršenje tradicije oziroma časti. Mafija je v času delovanje preživela različne preizkušnje. Velik izziv jim je predstavljala druga svetovna vojna. Za preživetje, osamosvojitev in vzpostavitev starega družbenega položaja, ki so ga uživali pred vojno, so morali skleniti zavezništvo s Hitlerjem in Mussolinijem. Mafija v času svojega delovanja ni vedno ostala skrita, saj so o nekaterih primerih mafijskega delovanja poročali tudi mediji. Zaradi trgovanja z drogo je prišlo do odkritja Francoske zveze, pranja denarja v vatikanski banki Ambrosiano in atentata na Paola Borsellina in Giovannija Falconeja. Med najbolj odmevne primere gotovo spada maksi proces proti sicilijanski Cosa nostri na Siciliji. Ti primeri za mafijo predstavljajo veliko preizkušnjo za tajno delovanje in njen obstoj v družbi. To so jim v veliko meri onemogočali skesanci, ki so razkrinkali delovanje mafijskih družin, omogočili vpogled v sestavo mafijske združbe in ter zaprtje njenih članov. Pred odkritjem mafijskih skesancev so bile mafijske družine oblastem neznanka.

Ključne besede

organizirana kriminaliteta;mafija;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2012
Izvor:	[Ljubljana
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	S. Urbanija]
UDK:	343.341(043.2)
COBISS:	2537450
Št. ogledov:	6788
Št. prenosov:	1320
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni povzetek:	There are four different Mafia organisations originating from Italy, which lasted throughout the centuries. Camorra formed in Naples, 'Ndrangheta in Calabria, Sacra Corona Unita in Puglia and Cosa Nostra in Sicilia. Italian Mafia organisations emerged in the south of Italy and began spreading to America, Europe, Japan, China, Russia... Each organisation developed its own traditions, customs and rituals, which have survived to this day. In every-day life, Mafia families faced different traditions. Women were not able to join Mafia organisations. They were intended only for “real” men or the elite. In a Mafia family, women had the reproductive function. In a Mafia family, the members were bound to respect the Omertá code of silence. Respecting this code, the members become the “men of honour”. Any violation of the Omertá code is punished, since the code of silence represents a tradition for every man who joins the Mafia. Mafia survived various challenges during the time of its operation. The Second World War represented a major challenge. For survival, independence and establishment of the old social position which they enjoyed before the war, they had to ally with Hitler and Mussolini. During its operation, Mafia did not always remain hidden. Their appearance in the media shows various cases that occurred in the history of the Mafia. Drug trafficking led to the discovery of the French connection, money laundering in the Ambrosiano Vatican Bank and the assassination of Paolo Borsellini and Giovanni Falcone. One of the most notable cases for the Sicilian Cosa Nostra was definitely the Maxi Trial in Sicily. All these cases represent a great challenge for the Mafia’s covert operation and its existence in society. People who wanted to leave the Mafia made this difficult by exposing the operation of Mafia families, providing insight into the structure of the mafia organisation and enabling imprisonment of the members. Before the discovery of these informants, Mafia crime families were unknown to the authorities.
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	70 str.
Ključne besede (UDK):	social sciences;družbene vede;law;jurisprudence;pravo;pravoznanstvo;criminal law;penal offences;kazensko pravo;kazniva dejanja;offences against the state;
ID:	15448