(diplomsko delo)
Marinka Župec (Avtor), Mateja Lorber (Mentor)

Povzetek

Teoretična izhodišča: Kajenje je prevladujoči dejavnik tveganja za nastanek kronične obstruktivne pljučne bolezni. Pri odkrivanju kronične obstruktivne pljučne bolezni ima pomembno vlogo medicinska sestra, ki s preiskavo testov pljučne ventilacije pri preiskovancih s sumom na KOPB ob ustrezni motivaciji preiskovanca in v skladu z navodili izvede omenjeni test, ob tem pa izvaja tudi zdravstveno vzgojno delo predvsem pri opuščanja kajenja in motiviranju bolnika za pravilno uporabo inhalacijske terapije. Metode: Izvedli smo retrospektivno analizo. Analizirali smo rezultate in podatke preiskovancev, ki so opravili teste pljučne ventilacije v Respiratornem laboratoriju, Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Maribor v letih 2009 in 2010. Izbrali smo rezultate in podatke 60 kadilcev, 20 nekadilcev in 20 bivših kadilcev. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da se povprečne vrednosti Forsirane ekspiratorne kapacitete v prvi sekundi (FEV 1) kadilcev > kot 25 let (starih od 46 do 50 let) izrazito znižajo in sicer na 73 % norme. Ob nadaljevanju kajenja > kot 45 let (starih od 61 do 70 let) se FEV 1 zniža na celo 63 % norme, kar ocenjujemo po klasifikaciji smernic GOLD kot II. (zmerno) stopnjo s trendom nižanja. Pri bivših kadilcih, ki so v starosti od 46 do 50 let opustili kajenje (stari od 61 do 70 let) smo ugotovili, da se v primerjavi s kadilci starimi od 46 do 50 let v skladu s staranjem vrednost FEV 1 (74 %) ni znižala. Na podlagi regresijske analize pa smo ugotovili da obdobje kajenja več kot 20 cigaret dnevno statistično pomembno (ß=0,636, p<0,001) vpliva na vrednosti FEV 1. Razprava in sklep: Potrdili smo pomen zgodnjega odkrivanja KOPB pri bolnikih, posledično opuščanje kajenja, sodelovanja pri zdravljenju ter vlogo medicinke sestre kot izvajalke preiskav ter zdravstvene vzgojiteljice.

Ključne besede

kronična obstruktivna pljučna bolezen;kajenje;spirometrija;zdravstvena vzgoja;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Izvor: Maribor
Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija: UM FZV - Fakulteta za zdravstvene vede
Založnik: [M. Župec]
UDK: 616.2
COBISS: 1789092 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 2702
Št. prenosov: 587
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Smoking and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Sekundarni povzetek: Theoretical basis: Smoking is predominant risk factor for the origin of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Important role in the detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease plays nurse, who performs the test on subjects, who are suspected to have COPD, with examination of tests of pulmonary ventilation with the appropriate motivation of the subject and in the accordance with the instructions. The nurse also performs health educational work, mostly in quitting smoking and motivating the patient for the proper use of inhalation therapy. Methods: We performed the retrospective analysis. We analysed results and data of subjects, who did the tests of pulmonary ventilation in the Respiratory laboratory of University Medical Centre Maribor in 2009 and 2010. We chose the results and data of 60 smokers, 20 non-smokers and 20 former smokers. Results: We found out that the average values of forced expiratory capacity in first second (FEV 1) smokers > than 25 years, (aged 46 to 50 years) has distinctly decreased on 73 % of norm. With continued smoking > than 45 years (aged 61 to 70 years) FEV 1 has decreased on 63 % of norm, which we evaluate according to classification guidelines of GOLD as II. (moderately) level with trend of decreasing. For former smokers, who quitted smoking in age of 46 to 50 (aged 61 to 70 years), by comparison with smokers aged 46 to 50 years, we found out that the value of FEV 1 (47 %) has not decreased in the accordance with the ageing. Based on regression analysis we found out that the period of smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day have a statistically important (ß=0,636, p<0,001) affect on the values of FEV 1. Discussion and conclusion: We confirmed the importance of early detection of COPD patients, consequently quitting smoking, collaboration at treatment and the role of the nurse as performer of examinations and health educator.
Sekundarne ključne besede: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;smoking;spirometry;health education;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Diplomsko delo
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Strani: V, 56 f., 7 f. pril.
Ključne besede (UDK): applied sciences;medicine;technology;uporabne znanosti;medicina;tehnika;medical sciences;medicina;pathology;clinical medicine;patologija;klinična medicina;pathology of the respiratory system;complaints of the respiratory organs;bolezni dihal;
ID: 15476