Physical exercise, a potential non-pharmacological intervention for attenuating neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease patients

Povzetek

This narrative review summarises the evidence for considering physical exercise (PE) as a non-pharmacological intervention for delaying cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) not only by improving cardiovascular fitness but also by attenuating neuroinflammation. Ageing is the most important risk factor for AD. A hallmark of the ageing process is a systemic low-grade chronic inflammation that also contributes to neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is associated with AD, Parkinson’s disease, late-onset epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and anxiety disorders. Pharmacological treatment of AD is currently limited to mitigating the symptoms and attenuating progression of the disease. AD animal model studies and human studies on patients with a clinical diagnosis of different stages of AD have concluded that PE attenuates cognitive decline not only by improving cardiovascular fitness but possibly also by attenuating neuroinflammation. Therefore, low-grade chronic inflammation and neuroinflammation should be considered potential modifiable risk factors for AD that can be attenuated by PE. This opens the possibility for personalised attenuation of neuroinflammation that could also have important health benefits for patients with other inflammation associated brain disorders (i.e., Parkinson’s disease, late-onset epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and anxiety disorders). In summary, life-long, regular, structured PE should be considered as a supplemental intervention for attenuating the progression of AD in human. Further studies in human are necessary to develop optimal, personalised protocols, adapted to the progression of AD and the individual’s mental and physical limitations, to take full advantage of the beneficial effects of PE that include improved cardiovascular fitness, attenuated systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation, stimulated brain Aβ peptides brain catabolism and brain clearance.

Ključne besede

Alzheimer’s disease;memory impairment;animal models;human studies;ageing;neuroinflammation;physical exercise;

Podatki

Jezik:	Angleški jezik
Leto izida:	2022
Tipologija:	1.02 - Pregledni znanstveni članek
Organizacija:	UL MF - Medicinska fakulteta
UDK:	612
COBISS:	140385027
ISSN:	1422-0067
Št. ogledov:	139
Št. prenosov:	52
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Alzheimerjeva bolezen;motnje spomina;živalski modeli;študije na ljudeh;staranje;nevrovnetje;fizične vaje;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Članek v reviji
Strani:	1-37 str.
Letnik:	ǂVol. ǂ23
Zvezek:	ǂiss. ǂ6
Čas izdaje:	2022
DOI:	10.3390/ijms23063245
ID:	15721007