Roboti in umetna inteligenca

magistrsko delo

Luka Bombek (Avtor), Simona Sternad (Mentor)

Povzetek

Že kar nekaj časa živimo ljudje vsak dan v stiku z umetno inteligenco. Z njo se srečamo v službi, v prometu, pri svojih aktivnostih in tudi doma. Vprašanja, ki se tukaj pojavljajo, so, ali se ljudje tega zavedajo oziroma koliko se jih zaveda, da nas umetna inteligenca spremlja že skoraj na vsakem koraku, in kakšni bi lahko bili razlogi, da je zavedanje o umetni inteligenci nizko. Odgovore na takšna vprašanja lahko poiščemo na drugi strani od uporabnikov umetne inteligence, in sicer pri tistih, ki se ukvarjajo z razvojem umetne inteligence in njeno integracijo v prakso. Pri njih lahko spoznamo problematiko, ki spremlja razvoj umetne inteligence in zavira njen hitri napredek. Spoznamo tudi problematiko, ki je v preteklosti povzročala težave z razvojem in nam jo je do danes uspelo razrešiti. Vsi raziskovalci že gledajo v prihodnost, kjer vidijo nekatere rešitve trenutnih težav z razvojem umetne inteligence, ki bi jih rešil napredek tehnologije. Za razvojem sledijo še pasti, na katere moramo biti pazljivi pri uvajanju umetne inteligence v prakso. Čeprav se teorija umetne inteligence razvija že kar nekaj desetletij, jo v prakso vpeljujemo šele zadnjih nekaj let in bi zato lahko rekli, da je ta tehnologija še v povojih. Zato jo spremlja še vedno veliko ugibanja in eksperimentiranja in jo v prakso vpeljujemo počasi, ker lahko v primeru napake pride do nepopravljivih posledic. Problematike razvoja in pasti integracije bomo dobro spoznali v nadaljevanju naloge. V nalogi bomo spoznali tudi robote, njihov razvoj, oblike in njihovo prisotnost v vsakdanjiku. Z roboti si pomagamo predvsem na področjih, kjer lahko namesto nas opravljajo fizično zahtevna, a po drugi strani miselno enostavna opravila, ki se ponavljajo. Preprostejše, kot je opravilo, hitreje bomo robota naučili opravljati to opravilo. Z razvojem umetne inteligence in njihove integracije v nadzorne sisteme robota se nam širi tudi domišljija, kje vse bi lahko robote uporabljali, pa jih do zdaj nismo mogli. Več kot ima robot miselnih sposobnosti, bolj se zna prilagajati okolju in zaradi tega postaja vse bolj uporaben stroj za različna opravila, ki niso samo na tekočem traku. Razvoj robotov in umetne inteligence na neki način predstavlja tudi problematiko. Ena izmed težav je, da lahko roboti s toliko sposobnostmi izvajajo vedno več aktivnosti in zato počasi zamenjujejo ljudi na njihovih delovnih mestih. Tako ljudje, ki so na primer 30 let opravljali neko delo in so že v zrelih letih, ostanejo brez zaposlitve. Seveda se je zanje neizmerno težko spet podati na trg dela v lovu za novo službo. Veliko je pri integraciji robotov v delovno okolje odvisno od podjetij, kako bodo to izpeljala in ali bodo obdržali zaposlene in njihovo znanje izkoristili ali pa jih bodo odpustili. Uporaba robotov v delovnem okolju lahko predstavlja tudi stres za zaposlene, saj lahko zaradi skrbi za svojo zaposlitev začnejo z roboti tekmovati in postanejo fizično in psihično preobremenjeni, kar predstavlja veliko tveganje za zdravje. Predvsem to so tematike, ki se jim bomo v nalogi posvetili. Tako bomo ugotovili, na kateri stopnji smo trenutno v razvoju robotov in umetne inteligence, kakšne so trenutno koristi od njihove uporabe, kakšne so trenutne težave, ki zadržujejo razvoj teh tehnologij in kako se spopadamo z integracijo v naše okolje s čim manjšim negativnim vplivom na ljudi.

Ključne besede

umetna inteligenca;roboti;primeri;definicije;tveganje;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2023
Tipologija:	2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija:	UM EPF - Ekonomsko-poslovna fakulteta
Založnik:	L. Bombek
UDK:	004.8
COBISS:	149383939
Št. ogledov:	21
Št. prenosov:	5
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Robots and artifical intelligence
Sekundarni povzetek:	For some time now, we have been living in daily contact with artificial intelligence. We encounter it at work, in traffic, in our activities and even at home. The questions that arise here are whether people are aware of this, or how many people are aware that AI is with us almost every step of the way, and what the reasons might be for the low level of awareness of AI. Answers to such questions can be found on the other side of the spectrum from AI users, namely those who are involved in the development of AI and its integration into practice. From them, we can learn about the issues that accompany the development of AI and hinder its rapid progress. We can also learn about issues that have caused problems in the past but which we have managed to resolve to date. All the researchers are also already looking to the future, where they see some solutions to the current problems with the development of AI, which would be solved by advances in technology. However, there are pitfalls behind the developments that we need to be aware of when putting AI into practice. Although the theory of AI has been developing for several decades, it has only been put into practice in the last few years, so it could be said that the technology is still in its infancy. It is therefore still very much a matter of guesswork and experimentation and is being put into practice slowly because, if it goes wrong, it could have irreparable consequences. We will get a good idea of the development issues and pitfalls of integration later in this thesis. In this activity, we will also learn about robots, their evolution, their forms and their presence in everyday life. Robots help us especially in areas where they can do physically demanding, but on the other hand mentally simple, repetitive tasks for us. The simpler the task, the faster we can teach the robot to do it. And as artificial intelligence and its integration into robot control systems develops, our imagination is expanding to where we could use robots but have not been able to until now. The more mental abilities a robot has, the more it can adapt to its environment, making it an increasingly useful machine for a variety of tasks that are not just on a conveyor belt. The development of robots and artificial intelligence is, in a way, also a problem. One of the problems is that robots, with so much capability, can carry out more and more activities and are therefore slowly replacing humans in their jobs. So people who have been doing a job for 30 years, for example, and are now in their mature years, are left without a job. Of course, it is extremely difficult for them to re-enter the labour market in search of a new job. A lot of the integration of robots into the workplace depends on how companies go about it, whether they keep employees and use their skills or whether they lay them off. The use of robots in the work environment can also be stressful for employees, as they may start to compete with robots and become physically and mentally overwhelmed due to job concerns, which is a major health risk. These are the themes we will focus on in this thesis. We will find out at what stage we are currently in the development of robots and artificial intelligence, what are the current benefits of using them, what are the current problems holding back the development of these technologies, and how do we cope with integrating them into our environment with the least possible negative impact on people.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	artificial intelligence;definitions of artificial intelligence;examples of artificial intelligence;robots;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Ekonomsko-poslovna fak.
Strani:	II, 81 str.
ID:	18129567