magistrsko delo
Sanja Zadravec (Avtor), Sonja Škornik (Mentor)

Povzetek

V pričujoči raziskavi smo primerjali klonalne poteze rastlin dveh habitatnih tipov (HT) z različno pogostnostjo in velokostjo motnje - ekstenzivnega mezotrofnega travnika (Physis koda 38.222 ʺsrednjeevropski higrozmezofilni nižinski travnik na srednje vlažnih tleh s prevladujočo visoko pahovkoʺ) z zmerno motnjo in rečnih prodišč (Physis koda 24.22 ʺredko porasli rečni bregovi in prodiščaʺ), kjer je motnja močneje izražena. Na travišču smo vzorčili 10 vegetacijskih popisov in določili 51 rastlinskih vrst. Podatke za prodišča smo pridobili iz baza popisov Katedre za geobotaniko FNM UM in so obsegali 10 vegetacijskih popisov ter 74 rastlinskih vrst. Za skupno 120 rastlinskih vrst smo zbrali podatke o 13 rastlinskih potezah in oblikovali tabelo, ki je predstavljala osnovo za nadaljnje analize. Podatke o klonalnosti smo pridobili iz prosto dostopne spletne baze CLO-PLA3. Ob primerjavi vrste sestave smo ugotovili, da se jih je, od skupno 120 rastlinskih vrst, 46 (38 %) pojavljalo samo na travniku, 69 (58 %) izključno na prodiščih, skupnih je bilo 5 (4 %) vrst. Nadalje smo ugotovili, da imata HT, kljub različni floristični sestavi in pestrosti, zelo podoben spekter OKR in pri tem določili 6 od 17 različnih tipov OKR. Razlike so bile predvsem v zastopanosti ne klonalnih vrst, katerih višji delež se je pojavil na prodišču (prisotnost enoletnic) in v deležih zastopanosti prevladujočih OKR. Na travniku so prevladovale vrste z nadzemno in podzemno koreniko in na prodiščih vrste s podzemno koreniko. Podobnosti smo ugotovili še pri obstojnosti povezav med poganjki (poganjki so v obeh HT obstojni več kot dve leti), pri hitrosti in dolžini horizontalnega širjenja (prevladujejo slabše mobilne vrste), pri razvejanosti klonalnih poganjkov, pri čemer tako na travišču kot na prodišču prevladuje simpodialna razvejanost in pri velikosti klonalnih poganjkov v primerjavi s starševsko rastlino, pri čemer se v obeh HT pojavljajo približno enako veliki poganjki, kot je starševska rastlina. Razlike so se pojavile pri naslednjih rastlinskih potezah: vloga OKR, cikličnost poganjkov, število poganjkov na starševsko rastlino, arhitektura poganjka in prekrivanje generacij. Za travišča so značilne vrste, katerih OKR imajo obvezno vlogo, z dicikličnimi poganjki, tvorijo en poganjek na starševski osebek, pol rozete in prekrivajoče se generacije. Obratno je na prodiščih največ ne klonalnih vrst (brez OKR), vrst, ki imajo monociklične poganjke, tvorijo od 2 do 10 poganjkov na starševski osebek, brez rozete in s prekrivajočimi se generacijami. Na travniku se pojavlja večji delež vrst, ki imajo rezervne brste razvite na površini in do 10 cm pod površino tal, aktivirajo se s košnjo/pašo in tako poskrbijo za vegetativno regeneracijo. Enoletnice na prodišču v večini nimajo brstov v tleh, hkrati pa so brsti locirani pri več vrstah na višini več kot 10 cm. Klonalne vrste prodišč so lahko zasedle predvsem mikro-habitate z manj izrazito motnjo. Rezultati naše raziskave predstavljajo pomembno novo znanje o vlogi vegetativnega razmnoževanja rastlin v habitatih z različno intenzivnostjo motnje. Hkrati predstavljajo tako ekstenzivna travišča kot tudi prodišča HT z visoko naravovarstveno vrednost, zato ima poznavanje in razumevanje glavnih dejavnikov ohranjanja raznolikosti vrst v teh ekosistemih odločujočo vlogo tudi pri oblikovanju smernic za njihovo varovanje.

Ključne besede

magistrska dela;vegetativno razmnoževanje rastlin;habitatni tipi;funkcionalne poteze;Clo-Pla3;organi klonalne rasti;

Podatki

Jezik: Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:
Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
Organizacija: UM FNM - Fakulteta za naravoslovje in matematiko
Založnik: [S. Zadravec]
UDK: 575.16:502.211:582(043.2)
COBISS: 147996419 Povezava se bo odprla v novem oknu
Št. ogledov: 101
Št. prenosov: 2
Ocena: 0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik: Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov: Comparison of clonal plant traits in vegetation of mesotrophic meadow and river gravel bars
Sekundarni povzetek: The following study compared clonal traits of plants from two habitat types (HTs) with different frequencies and severities of disturbance - an extensive mesotrophic grassland (Physis code 38.222 "Central European hygromesophilic lowland grassland on moderately-moist soils dominated by tall fescue") with moderate disturbance and river gravel bars (Physis code 24.22 "sparsely vegetated river banks and gravel bars"), where disturbance is more pronounced. We sampled 10 vegetation plots on the grassland and identified 51 plant species. Data for the river gravel bars were obtained from the database of the Geobotany Section of the Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics at University of Maribor, and included 10 vegetation plots and 74 plant species. For a total of 120 plant species, we collected data on 13 plant traits and created a table that formed the basis for further analyses. Clonality data were obtained from the freely available online database CLO-PLA3. Comparing the composition of plant species, we found that, of the total 120 plant species, 46 (38%) occurred only on the grassland and 69 (58%) occured exclusively on the river gravel bars, and only 5 (4%) specieswere common in both habitats. In addition, despite the differences in floristic composition and diversity, the survey revelealed that the HT had a very similar spectrum of CGOs and 6 out of 17 different CGO types were detected. The differences are mainly in the representation of non-clonal species, a higher proportion of which occur on the river gravel bars (presence of annual plants), and in the proportions of dominant CGOs. Species with above- and below-ground rhizomes dominated in grasslands, and species with below-ground rhizomes dominated the gravel bars. Similarities were also found in the persistence of connections between shoots (shoots persist for more than two years in both HTs), in the speed and length of horizontal spread (low-mobility species predominate), in the branching of clonal shoots, whoit sympodial growth predominating in both grassland and river gravel bars, and in the size of clonal shoots compared to the parent plant, with shoots of approximately the same size as the parent plant occurring in both HTs. Differences occured in the following plant traits: CGO role, shoot cyclicity, number of shoots per mother plant, shoot architecture, and generation overlap. Grasslands are characterized by species whose CGOs play an obligate role, with dicyclic shoots, one shoot per parent, semi-rosets, and overlapping generations. In contrast, on river gravel bars non-clonal species (without CGO) dominate, while clonal species have monocyclic shoots, form 2 to 10 shoots per parent, have no rosette, and overlapping generations. Grasslands have a greater proportion of species that have buds at the surface and up to 10 centimeters below the soil surface, which are activated by mowing or grazing to ensure vegetative regeneration. Most annual plants on the river gravel bars have no buds in the soil, but at the same time, buds in several species are at heights grater than 10 centimeters. The clonal species of the river gravel bars were able to occupy mainly microhabitats with less pronunced disturbance. The results of our research represent important new insights into the role of vegetative reproduction of plants in habitats with different intensity of disturbance. At the same time, both extensive grasslands and river gravel bars are HTs with high conservation value, so knowledge and understanding of the most important factors for maintaining biodiversity in these ecosystems also plays a crucial role in developing of guidelines for their conservation.
Sekundarne ključne besede: master theses;vegetative propagation of plants;habitat types;functional traits;Clo-Pla3;clonal growth organs;Nespolno razmnoževanje rastlin;Habitat (ekologija);Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Vrsta dela (COBISS): Magistrsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za naravoslovje in matematiko, Oddelek za biologijo
Strani: XIV, 68 str.
ID: 18508986