Kaj lahko razberemo iz obraznih izrazov?

diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Varnost in policijsko delo

Povzetek

Že Aristotel je zapisal, da obstajajo obrazni premiki, ki spremljajo točno določeno čustvo, preučevanje obraznih izrazov pa je doživelo razcvet z raziskavami in zapisi Charlesa Darwina in nevrologa Guillauma Duchenne de Boulogne. Vprašanje, ki se pojavi ob preučevanju obraznih izrazov, je univerzalnost čustev, kar pomeni, da je izražanje le-teh enako pri vseh ljudeh in izrazi niso priučeni. Znanstveniki so identificirali šest osnovnih čustev in sicer presenečenje, strah, gnus, jeza, veselje in žalost. V diplomskem delu spoznamo delo Paula Ekmana, ki je z raziskavo izoliranega plemena v Papua Novi Gvineji predstavil močne dokaze, da so osnovna čustva univerzalna. Se pa med znanstveniki pojavlja razdvojenost, saj so metode, ki jih je uporabil Ekman, vprašljive. Carlos Crivelli in Lisa Feldman Barrett v ločenih raziskavah izoliranih plemen namreč nista našla dokazov, s katerimi bi podprla Ekmanovo teorijo. Nasprotno, njune raziskave niso pokazale univerzalnosti, temveč medkulturne razlike pri izražanju čustev. Diplomsko delo zajema tudi uporabnost poznavanja obraznih izrazov pri ugotavljanju laži, kjer problem predstavlja vpliv serij in filmov na splošno predstavo o mikro obraznih izrazih. Ljudje pogosto kontroliramo obrazne izraze, zato spoznamo razloge zakaj jih kontroliramo, tehnike upravljanja obraznih izrazov in namige, ki nakazujejo na to, da oseba kontrolira obrazno mimiko. Empirični del diplomske naloge je sestavljen iz spletne ankete, v kateri je bilo 12 fotografij različnih obraznih izrazov, anketiranci pa so morali označiti čustvo, ki pripada izrazu na fotografiji. Na podlagi 278 odgovorov smo ugotovili, da ljudje ne prepoznajo enako obraznih izrazov, saj so se njihovi odgovori pri nekaterih čustvih močno razlikovali.

Ključne besede

izražanje čustev;obrazni izrazi;mikro izrazi;ugoavljanje laži;diplomske naloge;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2023
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UM FVV - Fakulteta za varnostne vede
Založnik:	[Z. Novak]
UDK:	159.942(043.2)
COBISS:	159593731
Št. ogledov:	41
Št. prenosov:	15
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	What can we deduce from facial expressions?
Sekundarni povzetek:	Aristotle already wrote that there are facial movements that accompany a specific emotion. The study of facial expressions flourished with the research and writings of Charles Darwin and the neurologist Guillaume Duchenne de Boulogne. A question that arises when studying facial expressions is the universality of emotions, which means that their expression is the same in all people and expressions are not learned. Scientists have identified six basic emotions, namely surprise, fear, disgust, anger, joy and sadness. In the thesis, we get to know the work of Paul Ekman, who presented strong evidence that basic emotions are universal through research on an isolated tribe in Papua New Guinea. However, there is a split among scientists, as the methods used by Ekman are questionable. In separate studies of isolated tribes, Carlos Crivelli and Lisa Feldman Barrett found no evidence to support Ekman's theory. On the contrary, their research did not show universality, but rather cross-cultural differences in the expression of emotions. The thesis also covers the usefulness of knowing facial expressions in detecting lies, where the problem is the influence of series and movies on the general idea of micro facial expressions. Humans often control facial expressions, so learn about the reasons why we control them, techniques for managing facial expressions and clues that indicate that a person is controlling facial expressions. The empirical part of the thesis consists of an online survey in which there were 12 photos of different facial expressions, and the respondents had to mark the emotion that belongs to the expression in the photo. Based on 278 answers, we found out that people do not recognize facial expressions in the same way, as their answers for some of the emotions differed greatly.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Čustva;Govorica telesa;Resnica in laž;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede, Ljubljana
Strani:	V f., [47] str.
ID:	19631340