magistrsko delo
Povzetek
Magistrska naloga strukturirano in celostno obravnava institut registrske neposestne zastavne pravice na premičninah. Avtorica želi s pomočjo aktualne zakonodaje, njenih sprememb, sodne prakse in pravne literature predstaviti institut registrske neposestne zastavne pravice kot učinkovit institut stvarnopravnega zavarovanja terjatve kljub morebitnim pomislekom nekaterih pravnih teoretikov in nekaterih zakonodajnih pomanjkljivostih. Neposestna zavarovanja na splošno spadajo med najmanj učinkovite oblike zavarovanj, vendar se z uvedbo registra pri registrski neposestni zastavni pravici, kot dodatni varovalki za upnike, lahko izboljša učinkovitost takšnega zavarovanja. Prav tako uvedba registra spominja na zavarovanje terjatev s hipoteko, vendar instituta ne moremo v popolnosti izenačiti. Glavni namen instituta je zavarovanje upnikovih terjatev, s katerim ti pridobijo prednostno poplačilno upravičenje. Hkrati pa registrska neposestna zastavna pravica omogoča, da zastavitelj zastavljeno premičnino še naprej uporablja in ekonomsko izkorišča. Novela SPZ-B in Uredba RZPP sta prinesli številne spremembe in odpravile nekatere nedoslednosti pri registrski neposestni zastavni pravici. Prenova registra je omogočila enostavnejše, tehnično bolj dovršeno in hitrejše vpisovanje neposestnih zastavnih pravic na premičnini v register, prav tako je omogočen tudi enostavnejši dostop do podatkov, ki so vanj pisani. Registrska neposestna zastavna pravica s konstitutivnim oziroma oblikovalnim učinkom nastane z vpisom v register. Sporazum o ustanovitvi v obliki notarskega zapisa predstavlja zgolj razpolagalni pravni posel. Del teorije zavrača konstitutivni učinek vpisa v register, vendar je sodna praksa to stališče zavrnila. Predmet registrske neposestne zastavne pravice je omejen zgolj na taksativno določene premičnine z Uredbo RZPP, in sicer so to: zaloge, oprema in motorna vozila. Namreč le-tem premičninam je mogoče določiti učinkovit enoličen identifikacijski znak, ki je potreben za vpis zastavne pravice v register. Publicitetno načelo registra je najpomembnejše ter se močno zgleduje po publicitetnem načelu zemljiške knjige, vendar ju povsem ne moremo izenačiti, saj je zemljiška knjiga lastniški register, medtem ko register to ni. Publicitetno načelo zagotavlja dodatno varstvo upnikom predvsem proti tretjim, saj izključuje možnost dobroverne pridobitve lastninske pravice na zastavljeni premičnini. Ponovno se del teorije pri registrski neposestni zastavni pravici ne strinja s takšnim učinkom publicitetnega načela, vendar tudi to stališče sodna praksa zavrača. Realizacija poplačila iz zavarovanja z registrsko neposestno zastavno pravico je odvisna od sodelovanja zastavitelja, zato lahko ločimo prostovoljno in neprostovoljno uresničitev zastavne pravice. Registrska neposestna zastavna pravica formalno preneha šele z izbrisom iz registra, četudi je z materialnopravnega vidika razlog prenehanja nastopil že prej.
Ključne besede
neposestna zastavna pravica;zavarovanje terjatev;novela SPZ-B;notarski zapis;zaloge;register;publicitetni učinek;rubež;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2023 |
Tipologija: |
2.09 - Magistrsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UM PF - Pravna fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[K. Leskovar] |
UDK: |
347.2:347.766(043.3) |
COBISS: |
195135747
|
Št. ogledov: |
31 |
Št. prenosov: |
2 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Registry non-proprietary lien on movable property as an effective institute of real legal security of claims |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
The Master's thesis deals in a structured and comprehensive way with the institute of a registered non-possessory lien on movable property. The author aims to present, with the help of current legislation, its amendments, case law and legal literature, the institute of the registered non-possessory lien as an effective institute of security in rem of a claim, despite the possible concerns of some legal theoreticians and some legislative shortcomings. Non-possessory security interests are generally among the least effective forms of security, but the introduction of a register for registered non-possessory liens, as an additional safeguard for creditors, may improve the effectiveness of such security interests. The introduction of a registry is also reminiscent of mortgage securitisation, but the two cannot be fully equated. The main purpose of the institute is to secure creditors' claims in order to give them a preferential right of repayment. At the same time, a registered non-possessory lien allows the pledgor to continue to use and economically exploit the lined movable property. The SPZ-B amendment and the RZPP Regulation brought many changes and eliminated some inconsistencies in the registered non-proprietary lien. The recast of the Register has made it easier, more technically sophisticated and faster to enter non-possessory liens on movable property in the Register, and it has also made it easier to access the data entered in the Register. A registered non-possessory lien with constitutive or formative effect is created by registration in the register. The notarial deed of establishment constitutes a purely dispositive transaction. Part of the theory rejects the constitutive effect of registration in the register, but case law has rejected this view The subject-matter of the registered pledge is limited to the movable property specified by the RZPP Regulation, namely: stock, equipment and motor vehicles. This is because these movable objects can be assigned an effective unique identifier, which is necessary for the registration of the lien in the register. The publicity principle of the Register is the most important and is strongly inspired by the publicity principle of the Land Registry, but they cannot be completely equated, as the Land Register is a property register, while the Registry is not. The publicity principle provides additional protection to creditors, in particular against third parties, as it excludes the possibility of a bona fide acquisition of title to the pledged movable. Again, a part of the theory disagrees with such an effect of the publicity principle in the case of a registrable non-possessory lien, but this view has also been rejected by case law. The realisation of the repayment under a security interest secured by a registrable non-possessory lien depends on the participation of the pledgee, so a distinction can be made between voluntary and involuntary realisation of the pledge. A registered non-possessory lien formally terminates only upon deletion from the register, even if the substantive legal ground for termination has already occurred earlier. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
non-possessory lien;insurance of claims;SPZ-B amendment;notarial deed;stocks;register;publicity effect;seizure;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Magistrsko delo/naloga |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak. |
Komentar vira: |
Sistemske zahteve: pdf bralnik |
Sistemski komentar: |
Sistemske zahteve: pdf bralnik |
Strani: |
1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (II, 70 str.)) |
ID: |
19900040 |