Delovna terapija pri težavah z nespečnostjo

diplomsko delo

Tina Pelicon (Avtor), Zorana Sicherl (Recenzent), Cecilija Lebar (Mentor)

Povzetek

Uvod: Spanec je univerzalna funkcija vseh živih vrst. V zadnjih letih pa je, v primerjavi s preteklostjo, opazen trend zmanjševanja količine spanja. Motnje spanja so povezane z večjim tveganjem za različne zdravstvene težave, ki predstavljajo grožnjo za družbeno in okupacijsko življenje. Delovni terapevti imajo na tem področju zaradi svojega celostnega pristopa k oceni in obravnavi uporabnikovega delovanja odlično izhodišče, da prepoznajo različne dejavnike, ki vplivajo na kakovost in vzorce spanja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je pregledati literaturo, ki obravnava delovnoterapevtske intervencije na okupacijskem področju spanja in počitka. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bil opravljen splošen pregled literature. Literatura je bila iskana med januarjem in februarjem leta 2023, v naslednjih podatkovnih bazah: CINAHL, Web of Science, ProQuest, OT Seeker ter PubMed. Pri iskanju smo se posluževali uporabe ključnih besed, v angleškem jeziku: delovna terapija in nespečnost. V končno analizo so bili vključeni polno dostopni članki v angleškem jeziku, ki so po oceni relevantnosti presegali oceno 4-relevantno. Rezultati: Oblikovane so bile štiri glavne teme in štiri podteme: pomen spanja in posledice nespečnosti z vidika delovne terapije, prisotnost delovne terapije na področju spanja in počitka, uporabljeni modeli ter ocenjevanja (podtemi: modeli, ocenjevanje) ter delovnoterapevtske intervencije (podtemi: povezava oseba/okupacija ter povezava okolje/okupacija). Razprava in zaključek: Spanje ima samo po sebi ključno vlogo pri izvajanju vsakodnevnih aktivnosti in okupacij. Velik vpliv ima tudi na splošno počutje, tako fizično, psihično kot tudi čustveno. Delovnaterapevtska stroka pa je na tem področju, kljub svojemu edinstvenemu znanju, malo prisotna. V veliki meri zaradi primanjkljaja znanja na področju spanja in počitka. Ugotovili smo, da sta na tem področju najpogosteje uporabljena kanadski model okupacije in vključenosti ter model Oseba-okolje-okupacija-izvedba. Specifičnih standardiziranih ocenjevanj za to področje pa ni in je potreba po razvoju velika. Delovnaterapevtska obravnava naj bi se, po ugotovitvah, osredotočala na uvajanje sprememb v načinu življenja, ki zmanjšujejo vpliv telesnih funkcij na spanje, spodbujanje okolja, ki je prijazno za kakovostni spanec ter prestrukturiranje dnevnih aktivnosti. Delovni terapevti imajo znanje in spretnosti za ocenjevanje osebnih in okoljskih dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na spanje. Zaradi tega so v odličnem položaju, da okrepijo svojo vlogo na področju spanja in težav s spanjem.

Ključne besede

diplomska dela;delovna terapija;okupacija;motnje spanja;intervencije;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2023
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
Založnik:	[T. Pelicon]
UDK:	615.851
COBISS:	163913219
Št. ogledov:	14
Št. prenosov:	7
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Occupational therapy and sleep disorders
Sekundarni povzetek:	Introduction: Sleep is a fundamental function shared by all living organisms. Nevertheless, in recent times, there has been a concerning increase in sleep deprivation. Sleep disruptions are linked to an elevated risk of various health issues, which can significantly impact both social and occupational aspects of life. Occupational therapists are well-suited for addressing this issue due to their comprehensive approach. They are uniquely positioned to recognize the diverse factors that impact the quality of sleep, sleep patterns, and daily functioning. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to review the literature on occupational therapy interventions in the occupational domain of sleep and rest. Methods: a general literature review was conducted between thesis. Literature was searched between January and February 2023 in the following databases: CINAHL, Web of Science, ProQuest, OT Seeker, and PubMed. The following keywords were used in the search: occupational therapy and insomnia. The final analysis included full-text English-language articles that exceeded a relevance score of 4-relevant. Results: Four main themes and four sub-themes were developed: the importance of sleep and the consequences of insomnia from an occupational therapy perspective, the presence of DT in the field of sleep and rest, the models and assessments used (Sub-themes: models, assessment), and occupational therapy interventions (Sub-themes: correlation between perso and occupation and correlation between environment and occupation). Discussion and conclusion: Sleep itself plays a key role on daily performance, activities, and occupations. It also has a major impact on overall well-being, physically, mentally, and emotionally. The occupational therapy profession, however, has little presence in this area, despite its unique expertise. This is largely due to a lack of knowledge in the field of sleep and rest. We have found that the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement and the Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance Model are the most commonly used in this field. However, there are no specific standardised assessments for this domain and there is a great need for their development. Occupational therapist focus on introducing lifestyle changes that reduce the impact of bodily functions on sleep, promoting an environment conducive for better sleep and restructuring daily activities. They also have the knowledge and skills to assess personal and environmental factors that affect sleep. This puts them in an excellent position to strengthen their role in the field of sleep and sleep problems.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	diploma theses;occupational therapy;occupation;sleep disorders;interventions;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program:	0
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za delovno terapijo
Strani:	30 str., [9] str. pril.
ID:	19917037