magistrsko delo
Povzetek
Uvod: Ionizirajoče sevanje je prisotno v nuklearni medicinski slikovni diagnostiki, kar
zahteva ustrezno zaščito za zdravstveno osebje in bolnike. Svinčena zaščita je ena izmed
pogosto uporabljenih metod za zmanjšanje izpostavljenosti ionizirajočemu sevanju. Namen:
Namen raziskave je ugotoviti, kako uporaba svinčene zaščite in razdalja od vira ionizirajočega sevanja vplivata na sevalno obremenitev pri delu z najpogosteje uporabljenimi radiofarmaki (tc-99m in F18) v slikovni diagnostiki na oddelku za nuklearno
medicino Metode dela: V magistrskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom obstoječe literature ter istočasno tudi kvantitativni pristop z meritvami, ki smo
jih opravili v laboratoriju. V delu raziskave, kjer se poslužujemo kvantitativne metode raziskovanja, so vse teorije potrjene računsko in grafično. V sklopu empiričnega dela smo
opravili meritve na Kliniki za nuklearno medicino Univerzitetnega kliničnega centra Ljubljana. Meritve smo opravili z izotopoma Tc-99m in F18 na različnih razdaljah in pri različno debeli svinčeni zaščiti. Statistično analizo meritev smo opravili s programom SPSS.
Rezultati: Za Tc-99m smo dokazali, da se delež zaščite povečuje z večanjem debeline svinčene zaščite. Brez svinčene zaščite je delež zaščite enak 0 %. Pri debelini svinca 0,206
mm je delež zaščite 40,99 %, kar pomeni, da svinčena zaščita zmanjša izpostavljenost sevanju za približno 41 %. Delež zaščite nato narašča s povečevanjem debeline svinca. Pri največji debelini 1,964 mm doseže delež zaščite 99,35 %. V drugem delu meritev in
statistične analize pa smo dokazali, da uporaba svinčenih predpasnikov lahko pomaga pri zmanjšanju do polovice absorbiranega odmerka sevanja. To pa resnično deluje, ko je energija fotonov <140 keV. Dokazali smo tudi, da pri nižjih aktivnostih Tc-99m pride do
statističnih razlik pri uporabljanju različnih debelin zaščit. Z izvedbo statistične analize smo
uspešno potrdili, da ima razdalja ključno vlogo pri vseh uporabljenih radiofarmacevtikih in
aktivnostih. Naša raziskava je pokazala, da obstajajo pomembne statistične razlike med
različnimi nivoji razdalje, kar nedvomno kaže na njeno vplivnost. Razprava in zaključek:
Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov lahko zaključimo, da obstajajo statistično značilne razlike med zaščitnimi plašči in nezaščitenimi viri sevanja kot je Tc-99m. Razlik ni pri visoko
energetskih izotopih kot je F18. Prav tako smo dokazali, da obstaja povezava med težo
zaščitnega plašča in njegovo zaščitno učinkovitostjo. Zaključimo lahko, da je učinkovitost in uporabnost zaščite pred sevanjem odvisna od energije sevanja, vrste in debeline zaščitnega materiala in razdalje.
Ključne besede
magistrska dela;radiološka tehnologija;nuklearna medicina;osebna varovalna oprema;radiofarmaki;svinčena zaščita;
Podatki
Jezik: |
Slovenski jezik |
Leto izida: |
2023 |
Tipologija: |
2.09 - Magistrsko delo |
Organizacija: |
UL ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta |
Založnik: |
[J. Milič] |
UDK: |
616-07 |
COBISS: |
167570435
|
Št. ogledov: |
30 |
Št. prenosov: |
6 |
Ocena: |
0 (0 glasov) |
Metapodatki: |
|
Ostali podatki
Sekundarni jezik: |
Angleški jezik |
Sekundarni naslov: |
Evaluation of the effectiveness of lead protection against ionizing radiation in nuclear medical imaging diagnostics |
Sekundarni povzetek: |
Introduction: Ionizing radiation is present in nuclear medical imaging, which requires appropriate protection for healthcare personnel and patients. Lead shielding is one of the commonly used methods to reduce exposure to ionizing radiation. Purpose: The purpose of
this study is to determine how the use of lead shielding and distance from the source of
ionizing radiation affect the radiation dose during work with commonly used
radiopharmaceuticals (Tc-99m and F18) in diagnostic imaging at the Department of Nuclear
Medicine. Methods: In this master's thesis, we used a descriptive method with a review of
existing literature, along with a quantitative approach with measurements conducted in the laboratory. In the research section where we employ a quantitative research method, all theories are confirmed through calculations and graphics. As part of the empirical work, we conducted measurements at the Clinic of Nuclear Medicine at the University Clinical Center
Ljubljana. The measurements were performed using the isotopes Tc-99m and F18 at different distances and with various thicknesses of lead shielding. Statistical analysis of the measurements was carried out using the SPSS software. Results: For Tc-99m, we demonstrated that the proportion of protection increases with the increase in the thickness of
lead shielding. Without lead shielding, the protection proportion is equal to 0%. At a lead
thickness of 0.206 mm, the protection proportion is 40.99%, which means that lead shielding
reduces radiation exposure by approximately 41%. The proportion of protection then
increases with the increase in lead thickness. At the maximum thickness of 1.964 mm, the protection proportion reaches 99.35%. In the second part of the measurements and statistical analysis, we proved that the use of lead aprons can reduce the absorbed radiation dose by up
to half. This is particularly effective when the photon energy is <140 keV. We also
demonstrated that at lower activities of Tc-99m, there are statistical differences when using
various thicknesses of shielding and distances. By conducting a statistical analysis, we have successfully demonstrated that distance also plays a significant role, across all utilized
radiopharmaceuticals and activities. Our study has revealed statistically significant differences among various distance levels, unequivocally indicating its influential impact.
Discussion and conclusion: Based on the obtained results, we can conclude that there are statistically significant differences between protective shields and unprotected radiation
sources, such as Tc-99m. However, no significant differences were found for high-energy
isotopes like F18. We also proved that there is a connection between the weight of the protective shield and its protective efficiency. In conclusion, the effectiveness and usefulness of radiation protection depend on the energy of radiation, type and thickness of the protective material, and distance from the radiation source. |
Sekundarne ključne besede: |
master's theses;radiologic technology;nuclear medicine;personal protective equipment;radiopharmaceuticals;lead shielding; |
Vrsta dela (COBISS): |
Magistrsko delo/naloga |
Študijski program: |
0 |
Konec prepovedi (OpenAIRE): |
1970-01-01 |
Komentar na gradivo: |
Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za radiološko tehnologijo |
Strani: |
61 str. |
ID: |
20086272 |