Zdravstvena nega pacienta s traheostomo

diplomska naloga

Lara Štrus (Avtor), Kristina Rakuša Krašovec (Mentor)

Povzetek

Teoretična izhodišča: Traheostoma je dihalna stoma, ki je narejena kirurško kot odprtina v vratu in vodi direktno v sapnik. Vstavljena trahealna kanila zagotavlja, da je operativna odprtina prosta, pri čemer je pacientu omogočeno dihanje. Traheotomija je lahko začasna ali trajna vzpostavitev dihalne poti, izvede pa se lahko načrtovano ali urgentno. V obeh primerih ima medicinska sestra pomembno vlogo, saj mora pacienta ustrezno psihično in fizično pripraviti na poseg. Skozi celotno obravnavo moramo biti do pacienta profesionalni, empatični, strokovni, ga obravnavati individualno in holistično. V oporo moramo biti tudi svojcem, ki jim tako kot pacientu nudimo psihično podporo, jih informiramo, educiramo, poučimo in naučimo o ustrezni oskrbi in negi traheostome. Namen raziskave je preučiti zdravstveno nego pacienta s traheostomo. Metode: Uporabili smo kvalitativni raziskovalni pristop in deskriptivno metodo dela. Na podlagi predhodnega pregleda domače in tuje znanstvene oziroma strokovne literature ter mednarodnih podatkovnih baz Cobiss, Google Scholar, Medline, Chinal in PubMed smo pripravili vprašanja za polstrukturirani intervju. V vseh fazah zbiranja in obdelave podatkov smo upoštevali etična načela raziskovanja. Pridobljene podatke smo analizirali, odgovore intervjuvancev smo razvrstili v tabele, podatke pa v posamezne kode in jih interpretirali. Rezultati: V raziskavi so sodelovali zdravstveni delavci, ki imajo minimalno eno leto in pol delovnih izkušenj. Ugotovili smo, da poznajo možne zaplete pri pacientu s traheostomo, možne indikacije za izvedbo elektivne in urgentne traheostome, prav tako pa poznajo pomen inhalacij pri pacientu s traheostomo. Poznajo tudi potek in način izvedbe intervencije aspiracije pri pacientu s traheostomo. Razprava: Intervjuvanci imajo ustrezno znanje za kakovostno obravnavo pacienta s traheostomo, obenem pa poznajo tudi možne zaplete, ki se lahko pri tem pojavijo. Hkrati pa moramo izpostaviti, da njihovo znanje ni popolno, zato ugotavljamo, da morajo svoje znanje ustrezno obnavljati.

Ključne besede

anatomija dihal;traheostoma;trahealna kanila;medicinske sestre;bolniki;osnovne življenjske aktivnosti;intervjuji;diplomska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2024
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	VŠZ NM - Visoka šola za zdravstvo Novo mesto
Založnik:	[L. Štrus]
UDK:	616.231-089.86:616-083(043.2)
COBISS:	201856003
Št. ogledov:	253
Št. prenosov:	40
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Nursing care of a patient with a tracheostomy
Sekundarni povzetek:	Introduction: A tracheostomy is a breathing stoma, which is made surgically as an opening in the neck, but which leads directly into the trachea, where an inserted tracheal cannula ensures that the operative opening is open, while the patient is allowed to breathe. A tracheotomy can be a temporary or permanent establishment of an airway, and it can be performed as planned or as an emergency, and in both cases, the nurse plays an important role, as she must properly prepare the patient for the procedure. Preparation includes mental and physical preparation of the patient. Throughout the entire treatment, we must be professional, empathetic, expert towards the patient, treating him individually and holistically. We also need to support the relatives, who, just like the patient, offer psychological support, inform, educate, instruct and teach them about the proper care and care of the tracheostomy itself. The purpose of the research is to examine the nursing care of a patient with a tracheostomy. Methods: We used a qualitative research approach and a descriptive method of work. Based on a preliminary review of domestic and foreign scientific or professional literature and the international databases Cobiss, Google Scholar, Medline, Chinal and PubMed, we prepared questions for a semi-structured interview. In all phases of data collection and processing, we followed the ethical principles of research. We analyzed the obtained data, classified the answers of the interviewees into tables, and the data into individual codes and interpreted them. Results: Healthcare workers who have a minimum of one and a half years of work experience participated in the research. We found that the interviewees recognize possible complications in a patient with a tracheostomy, know the possible indications for elective and emergency tracheostomy, and also know the importance of inhalations in a patient with a tracheostomy. The interviewees also know the course and method of performing an aspiration intervention in a patient with a tracheostomy. Discussion: The interviewees have adequate knowledge for proper and high-quality treatment of a patient with a tracheostomy, and on the one hand, they also know the possible complications that may arise, and on the other hand, we must point out that despite the adequacy of the knowledge, this is not perfect, so we come to the conclusion that they must health professionals to update their knowledge accordingly.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	Dihala;Zdravstvena nega;Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program:	0000451
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Novem mestu, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Strani:	[5] f., 50 str., [3] f. pril.
ID:	24307090