Naravna globoka evtektična topila v procesih kemijske sinteze

diplomsko delo

Kaja Alič (Avtor), Polona Žnidaršič Plazl (Mentor)

Povzetek

Zelena kemija se uveljavlja že vse od začetka devetdesetih let in ima danes pomembno vlogo na različnih področjih. Njen namen je zmanjšati uporabo in nastanek strupenih snovi, povišati učinkovitost procesov in hkrati zmanjšati negativen vpliv snovi in procesov na okolje in ljudi. Temelji na dvanajstih načelih, ki nam narekujejo, kako naj potekajo procesi in izdelava novih spojin ter kako naj se surovine uporablja na učinkovit, a hkrati varen in okolju prijazen način. Zelena kemija si prizadeva, da bi se uporaba strupenih in vnetljivih topil čim bolj omejila. To se lahko doseže z uporabo manj škodljivih alternativ, kot so na primer ionske tekočine, voda, superkritične tekočine, nestrupeni tekoči polimeri in globoka evtektična topila. V diplomskem delu sem naredila pregled literature naravnih globokih evtektičnih topil (angl. natural deep eutectic solvents, NADES), ki predstavljajo podrazred globokih evtektičnih topil. Opredelila sem NADES, opisala njihovo sestavo in naštela nekaj primerov komponent, ki jih sestavljajo. Opisala sem več različnih načinov priprave NADES, raziskala njihovo toksičnost in biorazgradljivost ter opisala njihove najpomembnejše lastnosti, kot so gostota, viskoznost, topnost in druge, ter hkrati raziskala, kako vpliva dodatek vode na te lastnosti. Raziskala sem tudi njihovo vlogo v naravi in kje vse se uporabljajo. Poudarek diplomskega dela je na uporabi NADES v procesih kemijske sinteze. Za vsak primer sem bolj podrobno opisala reakcije, ki potekajo v tej sintezi, uporabljene reagente, pogoje, pod katerimi reakcija poteka, nastale produkte ter poskušala ugotoviti, kakšno vlogo imajo NADES v vsaki izmed teh reakcij, kako vpliva njihova prisotnost na izkoristek reakcije in okolje. Na koncu sem povzela prednosti uporabe NADES kot zelenih topil v procesih kemijske sinteze.

Ključne besede

naravna globoka evtektična topila;zelena kemija;zelena topila;kemijska sinteza;diplomska dela;

Podatki

Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Leto izida:	2024
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	UL FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Založnik:	[K. Alič]
UDK:	66.061.18(043.2)
COBISS:	201647107
Št. ogledov:	78
Št. prenosov:	8
Ocena:	0 (0 glasov)
Metapodatki:

Ostali podatki

Sekundarni jezik:	Angleški jezik
Sekundarni naslov:	Natural deep eutectic solvents in chemical synthesis processes
Sekundarni povzetek:	Green chemistry has been established since the early 1990s and today has an important role to play in different areas. The purpose is to reduce the use and generation of toxic substances, increase the efficiency of processes, and at the same time reduce the negative impact of substances and processes on the environment and people. It is based on twelve principles that dictate how processes and the production of new compounds should be carried out and how raw materials should be used in an efficient but, at the same time, cautious and environmentally friendly way. Green chemistry goal and focus is to minimize the use of toxic and flammable solvents. We can attain this by using less harmful alternatives such as ionic liquids, water, supercritical fluids, non-toxic liquid polymers, and deep eutectic solvents. In my thesis, I did a literature review of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), a subclass of deep eutectic solvents. I defined NADES, described their composition, and gave some examples of the components that they consist of. I described several different ways of preparing NADES, investigated their toxicity and biodegradability, and described their most important properties, such as density, viscosity, solubility, and others, as well as investigating how the addition of water affects these properties. I also explored their role in nature and their use. The focus of the thesis is on the use of NADES in chemical synthesis processes. For each case, I have described in more detail the reactions that take place in this synthesis, the reagents used, the conditions under which the reaction takes place, and the products formed. I have also tried to find out what role NADES play in each of these reactions and how their presence affects the yield of the reaction and the environment. Finally, I summarized the advantages of using NADES as green solvents in chemical synthesis processes.
Sekundarne ključne besede:	natural deep eutectic solvents;green chemistry;green solvents;chemical synthesis;Topila;Organska sinteza (kemija);Univerzitetna in visokošolska dela;
Vrsta dela (COBISS):	Diplomsko delo/naloga
Študijski program:	1000372
Komentar na gradivo:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo, UNI Kemijsko inženirstvo
Strani:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (34 str.))
ID:	24511993